jul*_*iro 23 android unit-testing android-espresso android-instrumentation
我正在尝试运行一个取决于上下文的本地单元测试,并遵循本指南:https://developer.android.com/training/testing/unit-testing/local-unit-tests#kotlin 我设置像我这样的项目(点击此链接:https://developer.android.com/training/testing/set-up-project):
的build.gradle(APP)
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
buildToolsVersion '27.0.3'
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 27
versionCode 76
versionName "2.6.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
multiDexEnabled true
useLibrary 'android.test.runner'
useLibrary 'android.test.base'
useLibrary 'android.test.mock'
}
testOptions {
unitTests.returnDefaultValues = true
unitTests.all {
// All the usual Gradle options.
testLogging {
events "passed", "skipped", "failed", "standardOut", "standardError"
outputs.upToDateWhen { false }
showStandardStreams = true
}
}
unitTests.includeAndroidResources = true
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
androidTestImplementation("androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$espressoVersion", {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
// Espresso UI Testing dependencies
implementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:$espressoVersion"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:$espressoVersion"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:$espressoVersion"
testImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.0.0'
// AndroidJUnitRunner and JUnit Rules
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:rules:1.1.0'
// Espresso Assertions
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.0.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.0.0'
androidTestImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:0.42'
implementation 'androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0'
}
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我的espresso_version是espressoVersion ='3.1.0'
我在module-name/src/test/java /中的测试如下所示:
import android.content.Context
import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
import com.instacart.library.truetime.TrueTime
import edu.mira.aula.shared.extensions.android.trueDateNow
import edu.mira.aula.shared.network.ConnectivityHelper
import kotlinx.coroutines.experimental.runBlocking
import org.junit.Assert
import org.junit.Before
import org.junit.Test
import java.util.*
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch
class TimeExtensionsUnitTest {
private lateinit var instrumentationCtx: Context
@Before
fun setup() {
instrumentationCtx = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext<Context>()
}
@Test
fun testTrueTimeValueReturnsIfInitialized() {
if (ConnectivityHelper.isOnline(instrumentationCtx)) {
runBlocking {
val countDownLatch = CountDownLatch(1)
TrueTime.build()
.withSharedPreferencesCache(instrumentationCtx)
.withConnectionTimeout(10000)
.initialize()
countDownLatch.countDown()
try {
countDownLatch.await()
val dateFromTrueTime = trueDateNow()
val normalDate = Date()
Assert.assertNotEquals(dateFromTrueTime, normalDate)
} catch (e: InterruptedException) {
}
}
}
}
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每次我运行它,它给了我:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instrumentation registered! Must run under a registering instrumentation.
at androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation(InstrumentationRegistry.java:45)
at androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext(ApplicationProvider.java:41)
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如果我将它作为一个仪器测试(更改包)运行它运行没有错误.但我认为本指南正是能够使用Android框架类(如Context)运行单元测试.我甚至尝试过运行class UnitTestSample但发生同样的错误.
我还从我的项目中删除了所有android.support依赖项
关于如何解决它的任何想法?
小智 13
我按照官方指南也遇到了这个问题,请按照以下步骤进行修复。
build.gradle// Required -- JUnit 4 framework
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.1'
testImplementation 'androidx.test:core-ktx:1.3.0'
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:1.1.2'
// Robolectric environment
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.4'
// Optional -- truth
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:1.3.0'
testImplementation 'com.google.truth:truth:1.0'
// Optional -- Mockito framework
testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:3.3.3'
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该官方指南错过了两个testImplementations
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:1.1.2'
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:4.4'
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testOptions在应用程序中添加块build.gradle android {
// ...
testOptions {
unitTests.includeAndroidResources = true
}
}
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@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)到您的测试类例子:
import android.content.Context
import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.Q
import androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProvider
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
@Config(sdk = [Q])
class UnitTestWithContextDemoTest {
private val context: Context = ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext()
fun test_getPackageName() {
assertThat(context.packageName).contains("your_package_name")
}
}
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笔记
@Config(sdk = [Q])当您targetSdkVersion大于29. 因为robolectric不支持targetSdkVersion大于29.
Arc*_*nes 12
我也遇到过这个问题.
如果你看一下这里迁移到Robolectric 4.0 ,建议在你的版本中添加以下行gradle.properties.
android.enableUnitTestBinaryResources=true
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问题是,如果你添加它,你gradle.properties将输出这个警告:
警告:选项设置'android.enableUnitTestBinaryResources = true'是实验性的,不受支持.
现在,如果你看看这里的 Robolectric版本.您可以看到这是一个已知的问题,他们说明了这一点
Android Gradle Plugin可能会报告以下警告,可以安全地忽略它:警告:选项设置'android.enableUnitTestBinaryResources = true'是实验性且不受支持的.Android Gradle Plugin 3.4将解决此问题.
我相信除非你能将你的gradle更新到3.4.您将无法解决此问题.
我所做的是将Robolectric 4.0作为依赖项.
testImplementation "org.robolectric:robolectric:4.0.2"
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并用.注释我的测试类
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
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这应该使您的测试工作.
现在,当您运行测试时,您会注意到Robolectric将记录以下内容:
[Robolectric]注意:不推荐使用旧资源模式; 见 http://robolectric.org/migrating/#migrating-to-40
现在忽略这一点,但只要你能更新你的gradle,就转移到新的Robolectric测试.
Hot*_*ard 11
在类似问题上花费数小时,问题不在于依赖项,而在于 AndroidStudio 本身基于答案:
IDE 尝试运行本地单元测试而不是检测
确保它作为插桩测试运行(红色是本地测试,绿色是插桩):
After added instrumented test for the class it's run as expected under instrumented. How I done this? 2 ways I found:
1) Edit configuration (as on the last screenshot) and adding function manually
2) Under Project tap (top left corner) I selected Tests instead of android, found the test, right click - create test. After this step all new tests are run under instrumented tests
我遇到了类似的错误,并且非常努力地修复它。我的问题是我正在混合AndroidJUnit4、InstrumentationRegistry和版本/包。确保他们都是同一代的。这些是让这一切为我运行的课程:ApplicationProviderAndroidJUnitRunner
androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunnerandroidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistryandroidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4androidx.test.core.app.ApplicationProviderdependencies对于这些,我在build.gradle 部分需要以下内容
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.0'
androidTestImplementation "com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1"
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:rules:1.0.2'
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当然还有正确的
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
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在我defaultConfig的build.gradle
接下来的事情在谷歌测试指南中没有提到,但它们是我发现的:
androidx.test如果单元测试只是一个接口/API(我不知道仪器测试怎么样),它需要实现,即 robolectric 库。这就是为什么还需要机器人依赖:
testImplementation "org.robolectric:robolectric:{version}"@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
是必须的。要获得未弃用的类,您需要添加:
testImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:{version}"。顺便说一下,这个依赖关系具有传递性 junit4 依赖关系。您还可能面临:Failed to create a Robolectric sandbox: Android SDK 29 requires Java 9 (have Java 8)如果您使用java 8andcompileSdkVersion 29或以上。在这里您可以找到如何处理它。
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