格式化 C++ 输出中的空格

Question

我已经研究了几种解决方案来解决我的问题，但似乎没有什么对我有用。我希望我的输出能够对齐此代码上的所有姓名、所选号码和中奖金额。目前它输出：

3454 Atkins, Joe  7  6  5  4  3  2  1         7         $20.00    
4321 Barber, John      11  22  7  8  45  12  10         1         $0.00    
8976 Dollar, Kim      44  33  22  11  10  9  4         1         $0.00

我相信我需要将名称右对齐才能解决此问题，但我尝试过的任何方法都不起作用。这是我的代码：

 cout << student_info[i].id_num;
 cout << setw(10) << student_info[i].student_name << setw(10);

 for(int j = 0; j < LOTTERYNUMBERS; j++)
     cout << student_info[i].lotteryNumbers[j] << "  ";

 cout << setw(10) << student_info[i].lotteryMatches << setw(10) << setprecision(2)
      << fixed << showpoint << "$" << student_info[i].prizeMoney << endl;

Answer 1

由于您在几个小时内未能使用 now 类型的定义更新您的问题student_info，我假设它是类似的

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <array>

// that:
struct student_info_t {
    int id;
    std::string name;
    std::array<int, 7> numbers;
    int matches;
    long money;
};

int main()
{
    student_info_t student_info[] {
        { 3454, "Atkins, Joe",  {  7,  6,  5,  4,  3,  2,  1 }, 7, 2000 },
        { 4321, "Barber, John", { 11, 22,  7,  8, 45, 12, 10 }, 1,    0 },
        { 8976, "Dollar, Kim",  { 44, 33, 22, 11, 10,  9,  4 }, 1,    0 }
    };

    for (auto const &s : student_info) {
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.id << ' ' << std::left << std::setw(15)
                  << s.name << std::right;
        for (auto const &n : s.numbers)
            std::cout << std::setw(4) << n;
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.matches << "  $" << std::setw(8) << std::fixed
                  << std::setprecision(2) << s.money / 100. << '\n';
    }
}

示例输出：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <array>

// that:
struct student_info_t {
    int id;
    std::string name;
    std::array<int, 7> numbers;
    int matches;
    long money;
};

int main()
{
    student_info_t student_info[] {
        { 3454, "Atkins, Joe",  {  7,  6,  5,  4,  3,  2,  1 }, 7, 2000 },
        { 4321, "Barber, John", { 11, 22,  7,  8, 45, 12, 10 }, 1,    0 },
        { 8976, "Dollar, Kim",  { 44, 33, 22, 11, 10,  9,  4 }, 1,    0 }
    };

    for (auto const &s : student_info) {
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.id << ' ' << std::left << std::setw(15)
                  << s.name << std::right;
        for (auto const &n : s.numbers)
            std::cout << std::setw(4) << n;
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.matches << "  $" << std::setw(8) << std::fixed
                  << std::setprecision(2) << s.money / 100. << '\n';
    }
}

B计划：

如果您希望将货币符号附加到值上，可以使用字符串流：

3454 Atkins, Joe       7   6   5   4   3   2   1   7  $   20.00
4321 Barber, John     11  22   7   8  45  12  10   1  $    0.00
8976 Dollar, Kim      44  33  22  11  10   9   4   1  $    0.00

示例输出：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <array>
#include <sstream>

struct student_info_t {
    int id;
    std::string name;
    std::array<int, 7> numbers;
    int matches;
    long money;
};

int main()
{
    student_info_t student_info[]{
        { 3454, "Atkins, Joe",  {  7,  6,  5,  4,  3,  2,  1 }, 7, 2000 },
        { 4321, "Barber, John", { 11, 22,  7,  8, 45, 12, 10 }, 1,    0 },
        { 8976, "Dollar, Kim",  { 44, 33, 22, 11, 10,  9,  4 }, 1,    0 }
    };

    for (auto const &s : student_info) {
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.id << ' ' << std::left << std::setw(15) 
                  << s.name << std::right;
        for (auto const &n : s.numbers)
            std::cout << std::setw(4) << n;
        std::stringstream ss;
        ss << '$' << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << s.money / 100.;
        std::cout << std::setw(4) << s.matches << std::setw(10) << ss.str() << '\n';
    }
}