Keras报告TypeError:+不支持的操作数类型:'NoneType'和'int'

dav*_*vid 6 python machine-learning keras tensorflow rnn

我是Keras的初学者,只写一个玩具示例。它报告一个TypeError。代码和错误如下:

码:

inputs = keras.Input(shape=(3, ))

cell = keras.layers.SimpleRNNCell(units=5, activation='softmax')
label = keras.layers.RNN(cell)(inputs)

model = keras.models.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=label)
model.compile(optimizer='rmsprop',
              loss='mae',
              metrics=['acc'])

data = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 5]])
labels = np.array([1, 2])
model.fit(x=data, y=labels)
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错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/Users/david/Documents/code/python/Tensorflow/test.py", line 27, in <module>
        run()
    File "/Users/david/Documents/code/python/Tensorflow/test.py", line 21, in run
        label = keras.layers.RNN(cell)(inputs)
    File "/Users/david/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/layers/recurrent.py", line 619, in __call__
...
    File "/Users/david/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/init_ops.py", line 473, in __call__
        scale /= max(1., (fan_in + fan_out) / 2.)
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'NoneType' and 'int'
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那么我该如何处理呢?

tod*_*day 5

RNN层的输入将具有的形状(num_timesteps, num_features),即每个样本都由num_timesteps时间步组成,其中每个时间步都是长度的向量num_features。此外,时间步长(即num_timesteps)可以是可变的,也可以是未知的(即None),但是特征的数量(即num_features)应从一开始就固定并指定。因此,您需要更改输入层的形状以与RNN层保持一致。例如:

inputs = keras.Input(shape=(None, 3))  # variable number of timesteps each with length 3
inputs = keras.Input(shape=(4, 3))     # 4 timesteps each with length 3
inputs = keras.Input(shape=(4, None))  # this is WRONG! you can't do this. Number of features must be fixed
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然后,您还需要更改输入数据的形状(即data),以使其与您指定的输入形状一致(即其形状必须为(num_samples, num_timesteps, num_features))。

附带说明,您可以通过SimpleRNN直接使用RNN层来更简单地定义该层:

label = keras.layers.SimpleRNN(units=5, activation='softmax')(inputs)
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