使用安卓材质芯片

Question

您好，我是 android 新手，正在学习使用材料芯片。我创建了一个测试项目并添加了以下内容

我添加到我的 gradle 文件中

implementation 'com.android.support:design:28.0.0'

在我的片段 xml 中我添加了

<android.support.design.chip.Chip
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="test chip"/>

但我一直收到这个错误

 java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{nonso.android.test/nonso.android.test.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #20: Binary XML file line #20: Error inflating class android.support.design.chip.Chip
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2778)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2856)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1589)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6494)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:438)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:807)
 Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #20: Binary XML file line #20: Error inflating class android.support.design.chip.Chip
 Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #20: Error inflating class android.support.design.chip.Chip
 Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:334)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:647)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:790)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:730)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:863)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:824)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:515)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
    at nonso.android.test.ui.main.MainFragment.onCreateView(MainFragment.java:26)
    at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:2439)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1460)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveFragmentToExpectedState(FragmentManager.java:1784)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1852)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.dispatchStateChange(FragmentManager.java:3269)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentManager.java:3229)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentController.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentController.java:201)
    at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onStart(FragmentActivity.java:620)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.onStart(AppCompatActivity.java:178)
    at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnStart(Instrumentation.java:1334)
    at android.app.Activity.performStart(Activity.java:7029)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2741)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2856)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
    at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1589)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6494)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
    at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:438)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:807)
 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: This component requires that you specify a valid TextAppearance attribute. Update your app theme to inherit from Theme.MaterialComponents (or a descendant).
    at android.support.design.internal.ThemeEnforcement.checkTextAppearance(ThemeEnforcement.java:170)
    at android.support.design.internal.ThemeEnforcement.obtainStyledAttributes(ThemeEnforcement.java:75)
E/AndroidRuntime:     at android.support.design.chip.ChipDrawable.loadFromAttributes(ChipDrawable.java:343)
        at android.support.design.chip.ChipDrawable.createFromAttributes(ChipDrawable.java:278)
    at android.support.design.chip.Chip.<init>(Chip.java:172)
    at android.support.design.chip.Chip.<init>(Chip.java:165)
        ... 31 more

似乎 android.support.design.chip.Chip 有问题，我曾尝试使用 com.google.android.material.chip.Chip 但这也不起作用，任何帮助将不胜感激！谢谢！

Answer 1

我们可以按MaterialComponent主题为 Chip 使用 support.design 。

在您的活动中使用此样式

<style name="ChipStyle" parent="Theme.MaterialComponents.Light.NoActionBar">
     <!-- Your style -->
</style>

并在您的活动中创建 ChipGroup 组件

 <android.support.design.chip.ChipGroup
     android:id="@+id/cg_filter_items"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="0dp"
     android:layout_margin="16dp"
     android:padding="16dp"
     app:chipSpacing="8dp"
     app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/btn_apply_filter"
     app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/tv_filter_heading" />

创建新的 xml 文件 item_filter_chip.xml ie, ChipGroup 的 Item style="@style/TextAppearance.MaterialComponents.Chip"这一行对于增加 item 很重要

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.chip.Chip 
     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:id="@+id/chips_item_filter"
     style="@style/TextAppearance.MaterialComponents.Chip"
     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:padding="4dp" />

使用此代码动态生成筹码

    ChipGroup chipGroup = findViewById(R.id.cg_filter_items);
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.item_filter_chips, chipGroup, false);
        Chip chip = view.findViewById(R.id.chips_item_filter);
        chip.setText("chip Text " + i);
        chip.setClickable(true);
        chip.setCheckable(true);
        chipGroup.addView(chip);
        chip.setOnClickListener(<Your Listener>);
    }

Answer 2

就在您粘贴的错误中：

引起原因：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException：此组件要求您指定有效的 TextAppearance 属性。更新您的应用程序主题以从 Theme.MaterialComponents （或后代）继承。

因此，要么添加android:textAppearance="@style/SomeTextAppearance"到您的 Chip XML，要么更改您的样式以拥有父级Theme.MaterialComponents.