chr*_*ism 1 regex lifetime object-lifetime rust borrowing
我尝试使用正则表达式从字符串中获取所有非空白字符,但我不断回到相同的错误。
extern crate regex; // 1.0.2
use regex::Regex;
use std::vec::Vec;
pub fn string_split<'a>(s: &'a String) -> Vec<&'a str> {
let mut returnVec = Vec::new();
let re = Regex::new(r"\S+").unwrap();
for cap in re.captures_iter(s) {
returnVec.push(&cap[0]);
}
returnVec
}
pub fn word_n(s: &String, n: i32) -> &str {
let bytes = s.as_bytes();
let mut num = 0;
let mut word_start = 0;
for (i, &item) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
if item == b' ' || item == b'\n' {
num += 1;
if num == n {
return &s[word_start..i].trim();
}
word_start = i;
continue;
}
}
&s[..]
}
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错误:
extern crate regex; // 1.0.2
use regex::Regex;
use std::vec::Vec;
pub fn string_split<'a>(s: &'a String) -> Vec<&'a str> {
let mut returnVec = Vec::new();
let re = Regex::new(r"\S+").unwrap();
for cap in re.captures_iter(s) {
returnVec.push(&cap[0]);
}
returnVec
}
pub fn word_n(s: &String, n: i32) -> &str {
let bytes = s.as_bytes();
let mut num = 0;
let mut word_start = 0;
for (i, &item) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
if item == b' ' || item == b'\n' {
num += 1;
if num == n {
return &s[word_start..i].trim();
}
word_start = i;
continue;
}
}
&s[..]
}
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加上更多信息:
error[E0597]: `cap` does not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:11:25
|
11 | returnVec.push(&cap[0]);
| ^^^ borrowed value does not live long enough
12 | }
| - borrowed value only lives until here
|
note: borrowed value must be valid for the lifetime 'a as defined on the function body at 6:1...
--> src/main.rs:6:1
|
6 | pub fn string_split<'a>(s: &'a String) -> Vec<&'a str> {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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此时,我已经尝试了几种延长变量生命周期的方法cap,但在阅读 Rust 书的借用和生命周期部分后,我无法让任何东西起作用。
(这是您的代码中的)的文档impl<'t> Index<usize> for Captures<'t>说cap[0]:
如果使用此方法,文本不能比 Captures 对象存在得更久,因为 Index 是如何定义的(通常 a[i] 是 a 的一部分,不能比它存在得更久);为此,请改用 get()。
所以get它可以工作(请注意,我已将&'a String参数替换为&'a str):
use regex::Regex;
pub fn string_split<'a>(s: &'a str) -> Vec<&'a str> {
let mut return_vec = Vec::new();
let re = Regex::new(r"\S+").unwrap();
for cap in re.captures_iter(s) {
return_vec.push(cap.get(0).unwrap().as_str());
};
return_vec
}
fn main() {
println!("{:?}", string_split("Hello, world!"));
}
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