如何使用FactoMineR包以编程方式确定主要成分的列索引?

mnm*_*mnm 5 r cluster-analysis pca feature-selection unsupervised-learning

给定一个包含混合变量(即类别变量和连续变量)的数据框,

digits = 0:9
# set seed for reproducibility
set.seed(17)
# function to create random string
createRandString <- function(n = 5000) {
  a <- do.call(paste0, replicate(5, sample(LETTERS, n, TRUE), FALSE))
  paste0(a, sprintf("%04d", sample(9999, n, TRUE)), sample(LETTERS, n, TRUE))
}

df <- data.frame(ID=c(1:10), name=sample(letters[1:10]),
                 studLoc=sample(createRandString(10)),
                 finalmark=sample(c(0:100),10),
                 subj1mark=sample(c(0:100),10),subj2mark=sample(c(0:100),10)
                 )
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我使用软件包执行无监督功能选择 FactoMineR

df.princomp <- FactoMineR::FAMD(df, graph = FALSE)
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该变量df.princomp是一个列表。

之后,为了可视化我使用fviz_screeplot()fviz_contrib()喜欢的主要成分 ,

#library(factoextra)
factoextra::fviz_screeplot(df.princomp, addlabels = TRUE,
                           barfill = "gray", barcolor = "black",
                           ylim = c(0, 50), xlab = "Principal Component", 
                           ylab = "Percentage of explained variance",
                           main = "Principal Component (PC) for mixed variables")

factoextra::fviz_contrib(df.princomp, choice = "var", 
                         axes = 1, top = 10, sort.val = c("desc"))
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这给出了下面的图1

在此处输入图片说明

和图2

在此处输入图片说明

图1的说明:图1是碎石图。Scree图是一个简单的线段图,显示了每个主成分(PC)解释或表示的数据中总方差的分数。因此,我们可以看到前三个PC共同负责43.8%总方差。现在自然会产生一个问题,“这些变量是什么?”。我在图2中显示了这一点。

图2的说明:该图显示了主成分分析(PCA)结果中行/列的贡献。从这里我可以看到变量namestudLoc并且finalMark是可用于进一步分析的最重要的变量。

进一步的分析-在那里我被困在:为了得到上述变量的贡献namestudLocfinalMark。我用的主成分可变df.princomp(见上文),如df.princomp$quanti.var$contrib[,4]df.princomp$quali.var$contrib[,2:3]

我必须手动指定列索引[,2:3][,4]

我想要什么:我想知道如何进行动态列索引分配,这样我就不必[,2:3]在列表中手动编码列索引了df.princomp

我已经看着下面类似的问题1234,但无法找到我的解决方案?解决该问题的任何帮助或建议都将有所帮助。

J.C*_*Con 2

不确定我对你的问题的解释是否正确,如果不正确,请道歉。据我所知,您正在使用 PCA 作为初始工具来向您展示哪些变量在解释数据集时最重要。然后,您想要返回原始数据,快速选择这些变量,而无需每次手动编码,并将它们用于其他一些分析。

如果这是正确的,那么我已经保存了贡献图中的数据,过滤掉了贡献最大的变量,并使用该结果仅包含这些变量创建了一个新的数据框。

digits = 0:9
# set seed for reproducibility
set.seed(17)
# function to create random string
createRandString <- function(n = 5000) {
  a <- do.call(paste0, replicate(5, sample(LETTERS, n, TRUE), FALSE))
  paste0(a, sprintf("%04d", sample(9999, n, TRUE)), sample(LETTERS, n, TRUE))
}

df <- data.frame(ID=c(1:10), name=sample(letters[1:10]),
                 studLoc=sample(createRandString(10)),
                 finalmark=sample(c(0:100),10),
                 subj1mark=sample(c(0:100),10),subj2mark=sample(c(0:100),10)
)

df.princomp <- FactoMineR::FAMD(df, graph = FALSE)

factoextra::fviz_screeplot(df.princomp, addlabels = TRUE,
                           barfill = "gray", barcolor = "black",
                           ylim = c(0, 50), xlab = "Principal Component", 
                           ylab = "Percentage of explained variance",
                           main = "Principal Component (PC) for mixed variables")

#find the top contributing variables to the overall variation in the dataset
#here I am choosing the top 10 variables (although we only have 6 in our df).
#note you can specify which axes you want to look at with axes=, you can even do axes=c(1,2)

f<-factoextra::fviz_contrib(df.princomp, choice = "var", 
                         axes = c(1), top = 10, sort.val = c("desc"))

#save data from contribution plot
dat<-f$data

#filter out ID's that are higher than, say, 20

r<-rownames(dat[dat$contrib>20,])

#extract these from your original data frame into a new data frame for further analysis

new<-df[r]

new

#finalmark name    studLoc
#1         53    b POTYQ0002N
#2         73    i LWMTW1195I
#3         95    d VTUGO1685F
#4         39    f YCGGS5755N
#5         97    c GOSWE3283C
#6         58    g APBQD6181U
#7         67    a VUJOG1460V
#8         64    h YXOGP1897F
#9         15    j NFUOB6042V
#10        81    e QYTHG0783G
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根据您的评论,您说您想要“在 Dim.1 和 Dim.2 中查找值大于 5 的变量并将这些变量保存到新的数据框中”,我会这样做:

#top contributors to both Dim 1 and 2

f<-factoextra::fviz_contrib(df.princomp, choice = "var", 
                         axes = c(1,2), top = 10, sort.val = c("desc"))

#save data from contribution plot
dat<-f$data

#filter out ID's that are higher than 5

r<-rownames(dat[dat$contrib>5,])

#extract these from your original data frame into a new data frame for further analysis

new<-df[r]

new
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(这将所有原始变量保留在我们的新数据框中,因为它们对总方差的贡献均超过 5%)