Python:带有colorbar的Barplot

Question

我正在尝试使用颜色条制作条形图,每个条形图的高度是一个变量(y),每个条形图应根据另一个变量(c)具有颜色.

我得到的是这个(简单的例子):

data_x = [0,1,2,3]
data_hight = [60,60,80,100]
data_color = [1000,500,1000,900]


data_color = [x / max(data_color) for x in data_color]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 4))

my_cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap('GnBu')
colors = my_cmap(data_color)
rects = ax.bar(data_x, data_hight, color=colors)

CS = plt.contourf([data_x, data_color],cmap=my_cmap)

cbar = plt.colorbar(CS, cmap=my_cmap)
cbar.set_label('Color', rotation=270,labelpad=25)

plt.xticks(data_x)    
plt.ylabel("Y")

plt.show()

主要问题是直方图颜色很好,但颜色条的比例不同.除此之外,我可以在y = 0处看到蓝线,它不应该在那里.

任何帮助都是预先确定的.谢谢!

Answer 1

您正在contourf条形图中创建一个图.这是没有意义的.

相反,您需要创建一个没有任何可视化表示的mappable来提供给colorbar.这将是一个ScalarMappable.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.cm import ScalarMappable

data_x = [0,1,2,3]
data_hight = [60,60,80,100]
data_color = [1000.,500.,1000.,900.]


data_color = [x / max(data_color) for x in data_color]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15, 4))

my_cmap = plt.cm.get_cmap('GnBu')
colors = my_cmap(data_color)
rects = ax.bar(data_x, data_hight, color=colors)

sm = ScalarMappable(cmap=my_cmap, norm=plt.Normalize(0,max(data_color)))
sm.set_array([])

cbar = plt.colorbar(sm)
cbar.set_label('Color', rotation=270,labelpad=25)

plt.xticks(data_x)    
plt.ylabel("Y")

plt.show()