使用r将多列拆分为多列

Question

我有一个txt文件，其中包含20列和300行。我的数据示例如下。

id  sub     A1                      A2      B1           B2                    C1   
96  AAA 01:01:01:01/01:01:01:02N        29:02:01    08:01:01/08:19N 44:03:01/44:03:03/44:03:04  07:01:01/07:01:02
97  AAA 03:01:01:01/03:01:01:02N        30:08:01    09:02:01/08:19N 44:03:01/44:03:03/44:03:04  07:01:01/07:01:02
98 AAA  01:01:01:01/01:01:01:02N/01:22N 29:02:01    08:01:01/08:19N 44:03:01/44:03:03/44:03:04  07:09:01/07:01:02
99  AAA 03:01:01:01                     30:08:01    09:02:01/08:19N 44:03:01/44:03:03/44:03:04  07:08:01/07:01:02 

我需要使用r使用分隔符“ /”分隔列（A1，A2，B1 ....）。输出为：

   id   sub A1_1      A1_2         A2       B1_1     B1_2    B2_1  B2_2   ..
96  AAA 01:01:01:01   01:01:01:02N      29:02:01    08:01:01     08:19N      44:03:01  44:03:03   44:03:04  ...

我可以找到将一列拆分为多列的函数。但是我找不到实现此目标的解决方案。

Answer 1

这是一个tidyverse解决方案。

library(tidyverse)
df %>% 
 gather(key, value, -c(1:2)) %>% 
 separate_rows(value, sep = "/") %>% 
 group_by(key, id) %>% 
 mutate(key2 = paste0(key, "_", seq_along(key))) %>%
 ungroup() %>% 
 select(-key) %>% 
 spread(key2, value)

# A tibble: 4 x 13
# id      sub   A1_1    A1_2     A1_3 A2_1 B1_1 B1_2 B2_1 B2_2 B2_3 C1_1 C1_2
#* <fct>   <fct> <chr>       <chr>        <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>    <chr>   
#1 96 AAA   01:01:01:01 01:01:01:02N <NA>     29:02:01 08:01:01 08:19N   44:03:01 44:03:03 44:03:04 07:01:01 07:01:02
#2 97 AAA   03:01:01:01 03:01:01:02N <NA>     30:08:01 09:02:01 08:19N   44:03:01 44:03:03 44:03:04 07:01:01 07:01:02
#3 98 AAA   01:01:01:01 01:01:01:02N 01:22N   29:02:01 08:01:01 08:19N   44:03:01 44:03:03 44:03:04 07:09:01 07:01:02
#4 99 AAA   03:01:01:01 <NA>         <NA>     30:08:01 09:02:01 08:19N   44:03:01 44:03:03 44:03:04 07:08:01 07:01:02

后gather荷兰国际集团的列的所有列，除了第一和第二（-c(1:2)）中，我使用tidyr::separate_rows的值在新创建的列分离value通过"/"。创建新列key2（key具有扩展名的_1:number of separatorscolumn）后，我未选择column key和spreadcolumn key2by value。

数据

df <- structure(list(id = structure(1:4, .Label = c("96", "97", 
"98", "99"), class = "factor"), sub = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "AAA", class = "factor"), A_A1 = structure(c(1L, 
4L, 2L, 3L), .Label = c("01:01:01:01/01:01:01:02N", "01:01:01:01/01:01:01:02N/01:22N", 
"03:01:01:01", "03:01:01:01/03:01:01:02N"), class = "factor"), 
A_A2 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("29:02:01", 
"30:08:01"), class = "factor"), B_B1 = structure(c(1L, 
2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("08:01:01/08:19N", "09:02:01/08:19N"
), class = "factor"), B_B2 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L
), .Label = "44:03:01/44:03:03/44:03:04", class = "factor"), 
C1 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 3L, 2L), .Label = c("07:01:01/07:01:02", 
"07:08:01/07:01:02", "07:09:01/07:01:02"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("id", 
"sub", "A_A1", "A_A2", "B_B1", "B_B2", "C_C1"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-4L))