Default sequence of debhelper

Question

I am trying to get a better understanding of debhelper's dh tool. As I understand it, dh is a frontend for various dh_* helper tools. These helper tools can both be called standalone or automatically from the dh tool. Usually a debian/rules file is created which somehow invokes dh and possibly overrides certain dh_* invocations. dh then seems to know which of the dh_* tools it needs to invoke and in which sequence.

The example under /usr/share/doc/debhelper/examples/rules.tiny contains the following as an example for a debian/rules file:

#!/usr/bin/make -f
%:
    dh $@

What is the sequence of dh_* helper tools that gets executed by dh as result of this rules file? And more importantly, how does dh determine this sequence and where is this documented.

Answer 1

将要执行的辅助工具的顺序取决于以下几点：

1. 正在传递什么构建目标。这些包括：build-arch，build-indep，build，clean，install-indep，install-arch，install，binary-arch，binary-indep，和binary。Debian 政策 §4.9中讨论了（大部分）这些的含义。
2. Debhelper 兼容级别（在debian/compat文件中找到）
3. 您的 Debhelper 版本（尽管在相同兼容级别的情况下，会努力使不同版本的工作方式相同）
4. 自上次清理以来已经运行了哪些辅助命令（在 debhelper 兼容级别 9 及更低级别）
5. 正在使用什么插件（--with和--without选项）
6. 生成文件中存在哪些覆盖目标（例如override_dh_auto_test）

如您所见，对于所有可能的构建目标和配置安排（甚至只是最常见的），记录运行哪些命令、以何种顺序运行可能会令人困惑。因此，知道的方法是使用--no-act参数 to dh，并按照您希望的方式设置构建目录。

这是一个示例，在binary我刚刚使用的虚拟构建目录中运行目标dh_make，并将其放入兼容级别 10。您将看到的确切命令或确切顺序可能会略有不同：

~/dh-demo$ dh binary --no-act
    dh_testdir
    dh_update_autotools_config
    dh_autoreconf
    dh_auto_configure
    dh_auto_build
    dh_auto_test
    dh_testroot
    dh_prep
    dh_installdirs
    dh_auto_install
    dh_install
    dh_installdocs
    dh_installchangelogs
    dh_installexamples
    dh_installman
    dh_installcatalogs
    dh_installcron
    dh_installdebconf
    dh_installemacsen
    dh_installifupdown
    dh_installinfo
    dh_systemd_enable
    dh_installinit
    dh_systemd_start
    dh_installmenu
    dh_installmime
    dh_installmodules
    dh_installlogcheck
    dh_installlogrotate
    dh_installpam
    dh_installppp
    dh_installudev
    dh_installgsettings
    dh_bugfiles
    dh_ucf
    dh_lintian
    dh_gconf
    dh_icons
    dh_perl
    dh_usrlocal
    dh_link
    dh_installwm
    dh_installxfonts
    dh_strip_nondeterminism
    dh_compress
    dh_fixperms
    dh_strip
    dh_makeshlibs
    dh_shlibdeps
    dh_installdeb
    dh_gencontrol
    dh_md5sums
    dh_builddeb