为什么使用ReaderWriterLockSlim不会使我的Dictionary线程安全？

Question

我写了一小段代码,可以快速读取和写入多个线程的字典.我使用ReaderWriterLockSlim来保护代码,并且仍然收到了涉嫌尝试添加重复密钥的异常.

ReaderWriterLockSlim _lock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
Dictionary<int, int> _dict = new Dictionary<int, int>();

public SafeDictionaryTester()
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
    {
        _dict.Add(i, i);
    }
}

internal void Execute()
{
    for (int i = 7; i < 10000; i++)
    {
        if (i % 6 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(6); })).Start();
        else if (i % 5 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(5); })).Start();
        else if (i % 4 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(4); })).Start();
        else if (i % 3 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(3); })).Start();
        else if (i % 2 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(2); })).Start();
        else if (i % 1 == 0)
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate { Print(1); })).Start();

        new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate
        {
            _lock.EnterWriteLock();
            try
            {
                _dict.Add(i, i); // Exception after random number of loops
                Console.WriteLine(i.ToString() + " added");
            }
            finally
            {
                _lock.ExitWriteLock();
            }
        })).Start();
    }
}

private void Print(int i)
{
    _lock.EnterReadLock();
    try
    {
        int obj;
        if (_dict.TryGetValue(i, out obj))
        {
            Console.WriteLine(obj);
        }
        else
        {
            throw new Exception();
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        _lock.ExitReadLock();
    }
}

请注意,没有线程的确切代码执行完美.

Answer 1

问题是,你的匿名作者的委托创建一个闭合了i.

也就是说,当你写线程执行,他们将使用的电流值的i的时间,而不是价值线程开始(7,8,9 ...等)

要修复它,您需要在for循环中复制变量并在编写器委托中使用它:

internal void Execute()
{
    for (int i = 7; i < 10000; i++)
    {
        // trimmed for brevity: create a copy of i
        int copy = i;

        new Thread(new ThreadStart(delegate
        {
            _lock.EnterWriteLock();
            try
            {
                _dict.Add(copy, copy); // Exception after random number of loops
                Console.WriteLine(copy.ToString() + " added");
            }
            finally
            {
                _lock.ExitWriteLock();
            }
        })).Start();
    }