pyd*_*pyd 0 python preprocessor scikit-learn sklearn-pandas one-hot-encoding
我刚开始学习机器学习,在练习其中一项任务时,我遇到了价值错误,但我遵循了与讲师相同的步骤。
我收到值错误,请帮忙。
天涯
Country Name
0 AUS Sri
1 USA Vignesh
2 IND Pechi
3 USA Raj
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首先我执行了标签编码,
X=dff.values
label_encoder=LabelEncoder()
X[:,0]=label_encoder.fit_transform(X[:,0])
out:
X
array([[0, 'Sri'],
[2, 'Vignesh'],
[1, 'Pechi'],
[2, 'Raj']], dtype=object)
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然后对同一个 X 进行一次热编码
onehotencoder=OneHotEncoder( categorical_features=[0])
X=onehotencoder.fit_transform(X).toarray()
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我收到以下错误:
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-472-be8c3472db63> in <module>()
----> 1 X=onehotencoder.fit_transform(X).toarray()
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\preprocessing\data.py in fit_transform(self, X, y)
1900 """
1901 return _transform_selected(X, self._fit_transform,
-> 1902 self.categorical_features, copy=True)
1903
1904 def _transform(self, X):
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\preprocessing\data.py in _transform_selected(X, transform, selected, copy)
1695 X : array or sparse matrix, shape=(n_samples, n_features_new)
1696 """
-> 1697 X = check_array(X, accept_sparse='csc', copy=copy, dtype=FLOAT_DTYPES)
1698
1699 if isinstance(selected, six.string_types) and selected == "all":
C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.py in check_array(array, accept_sparse, dtype, order, copy, force_all_finite, ensure_2d, allow_nd, ensure_min_samples, ensure_min_features, warn_on_dtype, estimator)
380 force_all_finite)
381 else:
--> 382 array = np.array(array, dtype=dtype, order=order, copy=copy)
383
384 if ensure_2d:
ValueError: could not convert string to float: 'Raj'
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请编辑我的问题有什么问题,提前致谢!
您现在可以直接转到OneHotEncoding而不使用LabelEncoder,随着我们向 0.22 版迈进,许多人可能希望通过这种方式避免警告和潜在错误(参见文档和示例)。
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
data= [["AUS", "Sri"],["USA","Vignesh"],["IND", "Pechi"],["USA","Raj"]]
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['Country', 'Name'])
X = df.values
countries = np.unique(X[:,0])
names = np.unique(X[:,1])
ohe = OneHotEncoder(categories=[countries, names])
X = ohe.fit_transform(X).toarray()
print (X)
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[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
[0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1.]
[0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0.]]
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前 3 列对国家名称进行编码,后四列对个人名称进行编码。
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
data= [["AUS", "Sri"],["USA","Vignesh"],["IND", "Pechi"],["USA","Raj"]]
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['Country', 'Name'])
X = df.values
ohe = OneHotEncoder(categories='auto')
X = ohe.fit_transform(X).toarray()
print (X)
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[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
[0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1.]
[0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.]
[0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0.]]
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现在,这是独特的部分。如果您只需要对数据的特定列进行一次热编码怎么办?
(注意:为了便于说明,我将最后一列保留为字符串。实际上,当最后一列已经是数字时,这样做更有意义)。
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import OneHotEncoder
data= [["AUS", "Sri"],["USA","Vignesh"],["IND", "Pechi"],["USA","Raj"]]
df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=['Country', 'Name'])
X = df.values
countries = np.unique(X[:,0])
names = np.unique(X[:,1])
ohe = OneHotEncoder(categories=[countries]) # specify ONLY unique country names
tmp = ohe.fit_transform(X[:,0].reshape(-1, 1)).toarray()
X = np.append(tmp, names.reshape(-1,1), axis=1)
print (X)
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[[1.0 0.0 0.0 'Pechi']
[0.0 0.0 1.0 'Raj']
[0.0 1.0 0.0 'Sri']
[0.0 0.0 1.0 'Vignesh']]
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