python:自动打印表达式中每个组件的表示

Question

我发现自己写了这样的断言:

if f(x, y) != z:
  print(repr(x))
  print(repr(y))
  print(repr(z))
  raise MyException('Expected: f(x, y) == z')

我想知道是否有办法编写一个函数来接受一个有效的Python表达式和一个异常类作为输入,计算表达式,如果它发现它是假的,打印出每个最低级别的表示表达式中的术语并提出给定的异常？

# validate is the mystery function
validate('f(x, y) == z', MyException)

Answer 1

这是一个实现：

import inspect, keyword, pprint, sys, tokenize

def value_in_frame(name, frame):
    try:
        return frame.f_locals[name]
    except KeyError:
        try:
            return frame.f_globals[name]
        except KeyError:
            raise ValueError("Couldn't find value for %s" % name)

def validate(expr, exc_class=AssertionError):
    """Evaluate `expr` in the caller's frame, raise `exc_class` if false."""
    frame = inspect.stack()[1][0]
    val = eval(expr, frame.f_globals, frame.f_locals)
    if not val:
        rl = iter([expr]).next
        for typ, tok, _, _, _ in tokenize.generate_tokens(rl):
            if typ == tokenize.NAME and not keyword.iskeyword(tok):
                try:
                    val = value_in_frame(tok, frame)
                except ValueError:
                    val = '???'
                else:
                    val = repr(val)
                print "  %s: %s" % (tok, val)
        raise exc_class("Failed to validate: %s" % expr)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = b = 3
    validate("a + b == 5")