Ark*_*rks 2 linux procfs linux-capabilities linux-namespaces
在玩弄user_namespaces(7)的示例时,我遇到了一种奇怪的行为。
应用程序user-ns-ex使用 CLONE_NEWUSER 调用clone(2),从而在新的用户命名空间中创建一个新进程。父进程将映射 ( 0 1000 1) 写入 /proc//uid_map 文件并告诉(通过管道)子进程可以继续。然后子进程执行bash。
我在这里复制了源代码。
如果我不设置任何功能或设置所有功能,应用程序将打开 /proc//uid_map 进行写入。
当我仅设置 set_capuid、set_capgid 和可选的 cap_sys_admin 时,对 open(2) 的调用失败:
设置上限:
arksnote linux-namespaces # setcap 'cap_setuid,cap_setgid,cap_sys_admin=epi' ./user-ns-ex
arksnote linux-namespaces # getcap ./user-ns-ex
./user-ns-ex = cap_setgid,cap_setuid,cap_sys_admin+eip
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尝试运行:
kamyshev@arksnote ~/workspace/personal/linux-kernel/linux-namespaces $ ./user-ns-ex -v -U -M '0 1000 1' bash
./user-ns-ex: PID of child created by clone() is 19666
ERROR: open /proc/19666/uid_map: Permission denied
About to exec bash
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无能力:
arksnote linux-namespaces # setcap '=' ./user-ns-ex
arksnote linux-namespaces # getcap ./user-ns-ex
./user-ns-ex =
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运行正常:
kamyshev@arksnote ~/workspace/personal/linux-kernel/linux-namespaces $ ./user-ns-ex -v -U -M '0 1000 1' bash
./user-ns-ex: PID of child created by clone() is 19557
About to exec bash
arksnote linux-namespaces # exit
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我一直试图在手册页中找到原因并使用不同的功能,但目前还没有运气。最让我困惑的是,应用程序运行时的功能较少,而不是更多。
有人可以帮助我并澄清这个问题吗?
我已经找到原因了。在我的研究过程中,我发现该uid_map文件未打开,因为其所有权已更改为root.
非特权进程,没有能力:
parent(m): capabilities: '='
parent(m): file /proc/4644/uid_map owner uid: 1000
parent(m): file /proc/4644/uid_map owner gid: 1000
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非特权进程,设置能力(cap_setuid=pe):
parent(m): capabilities: '= cap_setuid+ep'
parent(m): file /proc/4644/uid_map owner uid: 0
parent(m): file /proc/4644/uid_map owner gid: 0
ERROR: open /proc/4668/uid_map: Permission denied
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以下研究让我想到了这个主题:是什么导致 proc pid 资源被 root 拥有?
发生的情况是这样的:
1) 当进程不可转储时,其/proc/<pid>inode 被赋予 root 所有权:
// linux/base.c
struct inode *proc_pid_make_inode(struct super_block * sb, struct task_struct *task)
...
if (task_dumpable(task)) {
rcu_read_lock();
cred = __task_cred(task);
inode->i_uid = cred->euid;
inode->i_gid = cred->egid;
rcu_read_unlock();
}
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2) 仅当进程的“dumpable”属性值为 1 (SUID_DUMP_USER) 时,该进程才是可转储的。请参阅ptrace(2)。
3) prctl(2)进一步澄清了情况:
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)Normally, this flag is set to 1. However, it is reset to the current value contained in the file /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable (which by default has the value 0), in the following circumstances: * The process's effective user or group ID is changed. * The process's filesystem user or group ID is changed (see credentials(7)). * The process executes (execve(2)) a set-user-ID or set- group-ID program, resulting in a change of either the effective user ID or the effective group ID. * The process executes (execve(2)) a program that has file capabilities (see capabilities(7)), but only if the permitted capabilities gained exceed those already permitted for the process.
因此,我的问题源于上述规则的最后一个:
int commit_creds(struct cred *new)
<...>
/* dumpability changes */
if (!uid_eq(old->euid, new->euid) ||
!gid_eq(old->egid, new->egid) ||
!uid_eq(old->fsuid, new->fsuid) ||
!gid_eq(old->fsgid, new->fsgid) ||
!cred_cap_issubset(old, new)) {
if (task->mm)
set_dumpable(task->mm, suid_dumpable);
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有多种方法可以解决这个问题:
/proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable:echo 1 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable
prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 1, 0, 0, 0)
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