如何检查一段时间内进来的所有电子邮件？

Question

我有以下方法get_email(),基本上每20秒,获取最新的电子邮件并执行一系列其他方法.

def get_email():
    import win32com.client
    import os
    import time
    import datetime as dt

    date_time = time.strftime('%m-%d-%Y')

    outlook = win32com.client.Dispatch("Outlook.Application").GetNameSpace("MAPI")
    inbox = outlook.GetDefaultFolder(6)

    messages = inbox.Items
    message = messages.GetFirst()  # any time calling GetFirst(), you can get GetNext()....
    email_subject = message.subject
    email_sender = message.SenderEmailAddress
    attachments = message.Attachments
    body_content = message.body

    print ('From: ' + email_sender)
    print ('Subject: ' + email_subject)

    if attachments.Count > 0:
        print (str(attachments.Count) + ' attachments found.')
        for i in range(attachments.Count):
                email_attachment = attachments.Item(i+1)
                report_name = date_time + '_' + email_attachment.FileName
                print('Pushing attachment - ' + report_name + ' - to check_correct_email() function.')

                if check_correct_email(email_attachment, email_subject, report_name) == True:
                    save_incoming_report(email_attachment, report_name, get_report_directory(email_subject))
                else:
                    print('Not the attachment we are looking for.')
                    # add error logging here
                    break

    else: #***********add error logging here**************
        print('No attachment found.')

我的主要问题是:

• 有没有办法可以GetNext()每小时使用函数本身迭代每封电子邮件,而不是每20秒获取一次最新邮件(这绝对不如搜索所有电子邮件那么高效)？

由于有两个功能:GetFirst()和GetNext()我将如何妥善已保存最新的检查,然后再通过所有那些尚未被检查的人？

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您是否认为在Outlook中可能更容易设置不同的文件夹,我可以将所有这些报告推送到,然后按时间迭代它们？这里唯一的问题是,如果传入的报告是自动生成的,并且电子邮件之间的时间间隔小于20秒,甚至是1秒.

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任何帮助都表示赞赏!

Answer 1

您可以使用" 限制"功能将消息变量限制为过去一小时内发送的电子邮件,并迭代其中的每一个.限制从您的收件箱中获取完整的项目列表,并为您提供符合特定条件的列表,例如在指定时间范围内收到的项目.(上面链接的MSDN文档列出了您可以限制的其他一些潜在属性.)

如果你运行这个每隔一小时,你可以限制你的收件箱,你在过去一小时(其中,想必是仍然需要搜索的那些)收到的消息,并遍历这些.

以下是限制过去一小时(或一小时)内收到的电子邮件的示例:

import win32com.client
import os
import time
import datetime as dt

# this is set to the current time
date_time = dt.datetime.now()
# this is set to one hour ago
lastHourDateTime = dt.datetime.now() - dt.timedelta(hours = 1)
#This is set to one minute ago; you can change timedelta's argument to whatever you want it to be
lastMinuteDateTime = dt.datetime.now() - dt.timedelta(minutes = 1)

outlook = win32com.client.Dispatch("Outlook.Application").GetNameSpace("MAPI")
inbox = outlook.GetDefaultFolder(6)

# retrieve all emails in the inbox, then sort them from most recently received to oldest (False will give you the reverse). Not strictly necessary, but good to know if order matters for your search
messages = inbox.Items
messages.Sort("[ReceivedTime]", True)

# restrict to messages from the past hour based on ReceivedTime using the dates defined above.
# lastHourMessages will contain only emails with a ReceivedTime later than an hour ago
# The way the datetime is formatted DOES matter; You can't add seconds here.
lastHourMessages = messages.Restrict("[ReceivedTime] >= '" +lastHourDateTime.strftime('%m/%d/%Y %H:%M %p')+"'")

lastMinuteMessages = messages.Restrict("[ReceivedTime] >= '" +lastMinuteDateTime.strftime('%m/%d/%Y %H:%M %p')+"'")

print "Current time: "+date_time.strftime('%m/%d/%Y %H:%M %p')
print "Messages from the past hour:"

for message in lastHourMessages:
    print message.subject
    print message.ReceivedTime

print "Messages from the past minute:"

for message in lastMinuteMessages:
    print message.subject
    print message.ReceivedTime

# GetFirst/GetNext will also work, since the restricted message list is just a shortened version of your full inbox.
print "Using GetFirst/GetNext"
message = lastHourMessages.GetFirst()
while message:
    print message.subject
    print message.ReceivedTime
    message = lastHourMessages.GetNext()

你似乎每20秒运行一次,所以你可能会以不同的间隔运行它.如果您无法定期可靠地运行它(然后在timedelta中指定,例如hours = 1),您可以保存最近检查的电子邮件的ReceivedTime,并使用它来限制搜索.(在这种情况下,保存的ReceivedTime将替换lastHourDateTime,Restrict将检索在最后一次检查后发送的每封电子邮件.)

我希望这有帮助!