使用python-docx检索具有文档结构的文档内容

Question

我必须从docx文件中检索表格和上/下一段，但无法想象如何使用python-docx

我可以通过以下方式获得段落列表 document.paragraphs

我可以通过以下方式获取表格列表 document.tables

如何获得这样的文档元素的有序列表

[
Paragraph1,
Paragraph2,
Table1,
Paragraph3,
Table3,
Paragraph4,
...
]?

Answer 1

python-docx对此尚无 API 支持；有趣的是，Microsoft Word API 也没有。

但是您可以使用以下代码解决此问题。请注意，它有点脆弱，因为它使用了python-docx可能会发生变化的内部结构，但我希望在可预见的未来它会正常工作：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

"""
Testing iter_block_items()
"""

from __future__ import (
    absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
)

from docx import Document
from docx.document import Document as _Document
from docx.oxml.text.paragraph import CT_P
from docx.oxml.table import CT_Tbl
from docx.table import _Cell, Table
from docx.text.paragraph import Paragraph


def iter_block_items(parent):
    """
    Generate a reference to each paragraph and table child within *parent*,
    in document order. Each returned value is an instance of either Table or
    Paragraph. *parent* would most commonly be a reference to a main
    Document object, but also works for a _Cell object, which itself can
    contain paragraphs and tables.
    """
    if isinstance(parent, _Document):
        parent_elm = parent.element.body
        # print(parent_elm.xml)
    elif isinstance(parent, _Cell):
        parent_elm = parent._tc
    else:
        raise ValueError("something's not right")

    for child in parent_elm.iterchildren():
        if isinstance(child, CT_P):
            yield Paragraph(child, parent)
        elif isinstance(child, CT_Tbl):
            yield Table(child, parent)


document = Document('test.docx')
for block in iter_block_items(document):
    print('found one')
    print(block.text if isinstance(block, Paragraph) else '<table>')

这里有更多讨论：https :
//github.com/python-openxml/python-docx/issues/276