ue相机与Windows上的python

Question

我需要让一台uEye相机在Windows上使用python进行拍照并在直播中进行操作.
由于uEye相机是广泛使用的工业相机,我认为有一个标准的解决方案; 但是,我找不到任何东西.该解决方案需要在Windows XP或Windows 7上的python 2.7下运行.

我很感激任何在Windows上成功使用ueye相机的人在这个问题上分享他的知识,或者至少指出我正确的方向.我也觉得确实需要找到一个通用的解决方案,因为我肯定不是唯一有这个要求的人.

到目前为止我尝试过的

(a)pyueye

有一个python驱动程序可以在Linux下工作 - 根据文档 - "应该在Windows上工作".

我试过了,但安装失败了:
python setup.py install 给了我

ueye\ueye.pyx: cannot find cimported module 'stdlib'
ueye\ueye.pyx: cannot find cimported module 'python_cobject'
Compiling ueye\ueye.pyx because it changed.
Compiling ueye\ueyeh.pyx because it changed.
[1/2] Cythonizing ueye\ueye.pyx

我不知道什么cimported模块是什么,这是否应该工作.因此,了解是否有人在Windows系统上成功安装此驱动程序可能会很好.

(b)openCV

OpenCV似乎是图像捕获和处理的某种标准.似乎有些人用它来访问uEye相机,而似乎也有一些共识认为uEye相机不适用于openCV.我还没有找到任何据称有效的示例代码.

无论如何我试过这个(使用openCV版本2.4.13),我可以访问相机并从中检索图片.分辨率最初是480 x 640,但我能够将其更改为传感器分辨率768 x 1024.但是,我无法正确设置曝光时间和增益,如下面的代码所示.

cam = cv2.VideoCapture(0)

width = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)     
height = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT) 
exposure = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE) 
print width, height, exposure # prints 640 480 -4.0
hr = cam.set(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT, 768)
wr = cam.set(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH, 1024) 
print "Setting resolution ", hr, wr  # prints  True True
cam.set(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE, 0)  # or any other value, same for gain

width = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)    
height = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT) 
exposure = cam.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_EXPOSURE) 
print width, height, exposure # 1024.0 768.0 -4.0

ret, buff = cam.read() 
cam.release()

很可能是相机处于某种自动模式,可以自动调整曝光时间和增益等参数.但如果是这种情况,我该如何设置此自动模式.

(c)simpleCV

simpleCV似乎是openCV的替代品.我也试过了,它给出了只获取480 x 640像素图像的问题,我找不到任何方式来设置它不同,既不是一种设置曝光时间的方法.

from SimpleCV import Camera
cam = Camera(0)
img = cam.getImage() # img is a 480 x 640 pixel image

(d)用C编写自己的驱动程序

一种选择可能是编写C代码以通过其SDK访问摄像机.SDK的完整文档可用,似乎有人成功完成了(在这里或这里),但我甚至不知道从哪里开始以及如何将实时图像变成python.

Answer 1

我最近有一个类似的项目,发现了一些对我有用的解决方案.我也使用python 2.7(32位)和Windows 7.我确信还有其他多种方法来控制相机,但我发现的两种方法是(1)使用c ++与c ++ API,或(2)使用pythonnet(即clr)和dotNet库.每种方法都需要从单独的dll文件中导入和调用函数.我最终更喜欢ctypes方法,因为它更容易编译成可执行文件,但这两种方法同样适用于控制相机.

1.使用python ctypes的uEye API:

可以使用ctypes在python中调用uEye API dll中的函数.使用ctypes有点麻烦,因为在python和c之间传递变量需要不断地转换数据类型,但它有效.

import ctypes
import numpy as np

uEyeDll = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary("ueye_api.dll") #include full path or copy dll into same folder as .py script


#connect camera
cam = ctypes.c_uint32(0)
hWnd = ctypes.c_voidp()
msg=uEyeDll.is_InitCamera(ctypes.byref(cam),hWnd)
ErrChk=uEyeDll.is_EnableAutoExit (cam, ctypes.c_uint(1))
if ~ErrChk:
    print (' Camera Connected')
IS_CM_SENSOR_RAW8  =ctypes.c_int(11)
nRet = uEyeDll.is_SetColorMode(cam,IS_CM_SENSOR_RAW8)
IS_SET_TRIGGER_SOFTWARE = ctypes.c_uint(0x1000)
nRet = uEyeDll.is_SetExternalTrigger(cam, IS_SET_TRIGGER_SOFTWARE)


#allocate memory
width_py = 1600
height_py = 1200
pixels_py =8

width = ctypes.c_int(width_py) #convert python values into c++ integers
height = ctypes.c_int(height_py) 
bitspixel=ctypes.c_int(pixels_py)
pcImgMem = ctypes.c_char_p() #create placeholder for image memory
pid=ctypes.c_int()

ErrChk=uEyeDll.is_AllocImageMem(cam, width, height,  bitspixel, ctypes.byref(pcImgMem), ctypes.byref(pid))
if ~ErrChk:
    print (' Success')
else:
    print (' Memory allocation failed, no camera with value' +str(cam.value))


# Get image data    
uEyeDll.is_SetImageMem(cam, pcImgMem, pid)
ImageData = np.ones((height_py,width_py),dtype=np.uint8)

#put these lines inside a while loop to return continous images to the array "ImageData"  
uEyeDll.is_FreezeVideo (cam, ctypes.c_int(0x0000))  #IS_DONT_WAIT  = 0x0000, or IS_GET_LIVE = 0x8000
uEyeDll.is_CopyImageMem (cam, pcImgMem, pid, ImageData.ctypes.data) 

2.使用pythonnet和uEye .NET接口

从.NET dll调用函数的语法比使用ctypes更简单,但由于某些原因,安装pythonnet(clr)包对我来说很难.以下是使用.NET函数获取摄像机图像的示例:

import numpy as np
import clr
import sys
import System
from System import Array, Double, IntPtr, Random
print System.Environment.Version
from CLR.System.Reflection import Assembly
from System.Collections.Generic import Dictionary
from System.Runtime.InteropServices import Marshal

true =bool(1)
false=bool(0)

#import .NET dll using clr (pythonnet)
sys.path.append(r"C:\Program Files\IDS\uEye\Develop\DotNet")  # path of dll
clr.AddReference ('uEyeDotNet') # the dll
import uEye 

# initialize camera 

cam = uEye.Camera()
CAM_ID=1;

msg=cam.Init(CAM_ID)

print 'InitMessage ='+ str(msg)

# Change Camera settings
gain =1  #% gain
exposure = 0.2 #ms
ColorMode=cam.PixelFormat.Set(uEye.Defines.ColorMode.SensorRaw8)
errChk=cam.Trigger.Set(uEye.Defines.TriggerMode.Software)
errChk=cam.Gain.Hardware.GetSupported(1,1,1,1)
errChk,gainFactor=cam.Gain.Hardware.ConvertScaledToFactor.Master(gain, 1)
errChk=cam.Gain.Hardware.Factor.SetMaster(gainFactor)
errChk2,gain=cam.Gain.Hardware.Factor.GetMaster(gain)
errChk2,gainout=cam.Gain.Hardware.Scaled.GetMaster(1)
cam.Timing.Exposure.Set(1)
errChk,exposure_out=cam.Timing.Exposure.Get(exposure)

#allocate image memory
ErrChk, memout=cam.Memory.Allocate(1600,1200,8,true,1)
[ErrChk, Width, Height, Bits, Pitch] = cam.Memory.Inquire(memout,1,1,1,1);

# image aquisition
for n in range(1000):

    ErrChk=cam.Acquisition.Freeze(true)
    outarray = System.Array[System.Byte](())
    [ErrChk, tmp] = cam.Memory.CopyToArray(memout, outarray)

    #'Copy .Net Array using Marshal.Copy
    imageData = np.empty(len(tmp),dtype=np.uint8)
    Marshal.Copy(tmp, 0,IntPtr.__overloads__[int](imageData.__array_interface__['data'][0]), len(tmp))