如何在Swift中绘制图像？

Question

我需要能够以编程方式绘制图像,并保存该图像供以后使用.比如说,在图像上的特定x和y坐标上画一条线,保存图像,并将其显示在一个简单的视图控制器上.我将如何在Swift中执行此操作？(最好是Swift 2,我还在开发中并且没有将我的mac更新到Sierra)

更新:可能与将UIImage转换为CGLayer,绘制它,然后将其转换回UIImage有关.

Answer 1

您需要做的就是创建并获取一个Image Context对象并访问其所有强大的绘图方法.您可以在此处了解有关CGContext对象功能的更多信息.

此函数在UIImage上绘制直线和圆并返回修改后的图像:

斯威夫特4

func DrawOnImage(startingImage: UIImage) -> UIImage {

     // Create a context of the starting image size and set it as the current one
     UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(startingImage.size)

     // Draw the starting image in the current context as background       
     startingImage.draw(at: CGPoint.zero)

     // Get the current context
     let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!

     // Draw a red line
     context.setLineWidth(2.0)
     context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.red.cgColor)
     context.move(to: CGPoint(x: 100, y: 100))
     context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 200, y: 200))
     context.strokePath()

     // Draw a transparent green Circle
     context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.green.cgColor)
     context.setAlpha(0.5)
     context.setLineWidth(10.0)
     context.addEllipse(in: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 100, height: 100))
     context.drawPath(using: .stroke) // or .fillStroke if need filling

     // Save the context as a new UIImage
     let myImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
     UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

     // Return modified image
     return myImage
}

Answer 2

这很简单:

1. 制作图像图形上下文.(在iOS 10之前,您可以通过调用来完成此操作UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions.在iOS 10中,还有另一种方法,UIGraphicsImageRenderer,但如果您不想使用它,则不必使用它.)

2. 将图像绘制(即复制)到上下文中.(UIImage实际上有draw...这个目的的方法.)

3. 在上下文中绘制线条.(这里有CGContext函数.)

4. 从上下文中提取生成的图像.(例如,如果您使用UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions,则使用UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext.)然后关闭上下文.

Answer 3

细节

Xcode 9.1,Swift 4

解

扩展UIImage

extension UIImage {

    typealias RectCalculationClosure = (_ parentSize: CGSize, _ newImageSize: CGSize)->(CGRect)

    func with(image named: String, rectCalculation: RectCalculationClosure) -> UIImage {
        return with(image: UIImage(named: named), rectCalculation: rectCalculation)
    }

    func with(image: UIImage?, rectCalculation: RectCalculationClosure) -> UIImage {

        if let image = image {
            UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size)

            draw(in: CGRect(origin: .zero, size: size))
            image.draw(in: rectCalculation(size, image.size))

            let newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
            UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
            return newImage!
        }
        return self
    }
}

扩展UIImageView

    extension UIImageView {

    enum ImageAddingMode {
        case changeOriginalImage
        case addSubview
    }

    func drawOnCurrentImage(anotherImage: UIImage?, mode: ImageAddingMode, rectCalculation: UIImage.RectCalculationClosure) {

        guard let image = image else {
            return
        }

        switch mode {
        case .changeOriginalImage:
            self.image = image.with(image: anotherImage, rectCalculation: rectCalculation)

        case .addSubview:
            let newImageView = UIImageView(frame: rectCalculation(frame.size, image.size))
            newImageView.image = anotherImage
            addSubview(newImageView)
        }
    }
}

图像样本

父图像:

儿童形象:

用法示例1

func sample1(imageView: UIImageView) {
    imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
    imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")?.with(image: "child") { parentSize, newImageSize in
        print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
        print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
        return CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: 90, height: 90)
    }
}

结果1

用法示例2

func sample2(imageView: UIImageView) {
    imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
    imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")
    imageView.drawOnCurrentImage(anotherImage: UIImage(named: "child"), mode: .changeOriginalImage) { parentSize, newImageSize in
        print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
        print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
        let sideLength:CGFloat = 90
        let indent:CGFloat = 50
        return CGRect(x: parentSize.width-sideLength-indent, y: parentSize.height-sideLength-indent, width: sideLength, height: sideLength)
    }
}

结果2

用法示例3

func sample3(imageView: UIImageView) {
    imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
    imageView.clipsToBounds = true
    imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")
    imageView.drawOnCurrentImage(anotherImage: UIImage(named: "child"), mode: .addSubview) { parentSize, newImageSize in
        print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
        print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
        let sideLength:CGFloat = 90
        let indent:CGFloat = 15
        return CGRect(x: parentSize.width-sideLength-indent, y: indent, width: sideLength, height: sideLength)
    }
}

结果3

完整的示例代码

不要忘记在此处添加解决方案代码

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        let imageView = UIImageView(frame: UIScreen.main.bounds)
        view.addSubview(imageView)
        sample1(imageView: imageView)
       // sample2(imageView: imageView)
       // sample3(imageView: imageView)
    }

    func sample1(imageView: UIImageView) {
        imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
        imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")?.with(image: "child") { parentSize, newImageSize in
            print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
            print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
            return CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: 90, height: 90)
        }
    }

    func sample2(imageView: UIImageView) {
        imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
        imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")
        imageView.drawOnCurrentImage(anotherImage: UIImage(named: "child"), mode: .changeOriginalImage) { parentSize, newImageSize in
            print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
            print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
            let sideLength:CGFloat = 90
            let indent:CGFloat = 50
            return CGRect(x: parentSize.width-sideLength-indent, y: parentSize.height-sideLength-indent, width: sideLength, height: sideLength)
        }
    }

    func sample3(imageView: UIImageView) {
        imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
        imageView.clipsToBounds = true
        imageView.image = UIImage(named: "parent")
        imageView.drawOnCurrentImage(anotherImage: UIImage(named: "child"), mode: .addSubview) { parentSize, newImageSize in
            print("parentSize = \(parentSize)")
            print("newImageSize = \(newImageSize)")
            let sideLength:CGFloat = 90
            let indent:CGFloat = 15
            return CGRect(x: parentSize.width-sideLength-indent, y: indent, width: sideLength, height: sideLength)
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

更新的答案：一旦获得“从”和“到”坐标，这就是如何在UIImage中使用这些坐标绘制线。从和到坐标以图像像素为单位。

func drawLineOnImage(size: CGSize, image: UIImage, from: CGPoint, to: CGPoint) -> UIImage {

// begin a graphics context of sufficient size
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size)

// draw original image into the context
image.drawAtPoint(CGPointZero)

// get the context for CoreGraphics
let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()

// set stroking width and color of the context
CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 1.0)
CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, UIColor.blueColor().CGColor)

// set stroking from & to coordinates of the context
CGContextMoveToPoint(context, from.x, from.y)
CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, to.x, to.y)

// apply the stroke to the context
CGContextStrokePath(context)

// get the image from the graphics context 
let resultImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()

// end the graphics context 
UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

return resultImage }

Answer 5

从iOS 10开始，您可以使用UIGraphicImageRenderer，它具有更好的语法并具有一些很棒的功能！

斯威夫特4

let renderer = UIGraphicsImageRenderer(size: view.bounds.size)
let image = renderer.image { context in
    // draw your image into your view
    context.cgContext.draw(UIImage(named: "myImage")!.cgImage!, in: view.frame)
    // draw even more...
    context.cgContext.setFillColor(UIColor.red.cgColor)
    context.cgContext.setStrokeColor(UIColor.black.cgColor)
    context.cgContext.setLineWidth(10)
    context.cgContext.addRect(view.frame)
    context.cgContext.drawPath(using: .fillStroke)
}