如何在Windows上使用与mingw-w64标头的clang

Question

我有来自http://llvm.org/releases/3.9.0/LLVM-3.9.0-win32.exe的 clang 3.9

clang version 3.9.0 (branches/release_39)
Target: i686-pc-windows-msvc
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin

和gcc 6.2.0(Mingw-w64)

gcc (i686-posix-dwarf-rev1, Built by MinGW-W64 project) 6.2.0
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

我的PC上没有安装MSVC,也没有安装Windows SDK.我需要clang的一些特殊功能,我想用gcc替换它,更具体地说用g ++替换它因为我使用C++.

当我尝试编译简单文件时,我得到:

致命错误:找不到'string'文件

这是否意味着我目前的clang安装不支持windows上的mingw？基本上我只想使用mingw-w64安装中的头文件和库.我一直在寻找解决方案而没有找到任何东西.我不知道该怎么办.

这是否也意味着我的clang安装取决于我没有的MSVC？

编辑: 从本页面的评论:http://blog.johannesmp.com/2015/09/01/installing-clang-on-windows-pt2/

这不再适用于LLVM的最新二进制文件(3.7.1,3.8,3.9),因为它们是使用Visual Studio和Visual Studio编译的.

您可以安装完整的Visual Studio 2015(大约8GB)或安装"Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 Update 3",其中仅包含VS的命令行工具以及Clang所需的标准C++头文件.

我认为它解释了一切.这是否意味着我需要mingw构建才能让它与mingw一起工作？

Answer 1

正确的做法是,这......

clang -target i686-pc-windows-gnu test.c -otest.exe

或者如果你想要64位输出......

clang -target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu test.c -otest.exe

Clang将根据您的路径确定标头和库的位置.确保您在目标路径中只有Mingw版本.

默认情况下,Clang的当前版本(截至目前为5.​​0.0)将作为目标 x86_64-pc-windows-msvc

举例来说......

Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.16299.19]
(c) 2017 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

C:\Users\burito>copy con hello.c
#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    printf("Hello World!\n");
    return 0;
}
^Z
        1 file(s) copied.

C:\Users\burito>clang hello.c -ohello.exe --verbose
clang version 5.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_500/final)
Target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin
clang.exe: warning: unable to find a Visual Studio installation; try running Clang from a developer command prompt [-Wmsvc-not-found]
 "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\bin\\clang.exe" -cc1 -triple x86_64-pc-windows-    msvc18.0.0 -emit-obj -mrelax-all -mincremental-linker-compatible -disable-free -    disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name hello.c -mrelocation-    model pic -pic-level 2 -mthread-model posix -fmath-errno -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -munwind-tables -target-cpu x86-64 -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -v -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -resource-dir "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\lib\\clang\\5.0.0" -internal-isystem "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\lib\\clang\\5.0.0\\include" -internal-isystem C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0/VC/include -internal-isystem C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/VC/include -internal-isystem C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/VC/PlatformSDK/Include -internal-isystem C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/include -internal-isystem C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/Include -fdebug-compilation-dir "C:\\Users\\burito" -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 120 -fms-extensions -fms-compatibility -fms-compatibility-version=18 -fno-threadsafe-statics -fdelayed-template-parsing -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o "C:\\Users\\burito\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\hello-5c526d.o" -x c hello.c
clang -cc1 version 5.0.0 based upon LLVM 5.0.0 default target x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0/VC/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/VC/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/VC/PlatformSDK/Include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/VC/PlatformSDK/Include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 C:\Program Files\LLVM\lib\clang\5.0.0\include
End of search list.
hello.c:1:10: fatal error: 'stdio.h' file not found
#include <stdio.h>
         ^~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.

C:\Users\burito>clang hello.c -ohello.exe --verbose -target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
clang version 5.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_500/final)
Target: x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: C:\Program Files\LLVM\bin
 "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\bin\\clang.exe" -cc1 -triple x86_64-pc-windows-gnu -emit-obj -mrelax-all -disable-free -disable-llvm-verifier -discard-value-names -main-file-name hello.c -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -mthread-model posix -fmath-errno -masm-verbose -mconstructor-aliases -munwind-tables -target-cpu x86-64 -momit-leaf-frame-pointer -v -dwarf-column-info -debugger-tuning=gdb -resource-dir "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\lib\\clang\\5.0.0" -internal-isystem "C:\\Program Files\\LLVM\\lib\\clang\\5.0.0\\include" -internal-isystem "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/include" -internal-isystem "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\include" -internal-isystem "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\include" -fdebug-compilation-dir "C:\\Users\\burito" -ferror-limit 19 -fmessage-length 120 -fno-use-cxa-atexit -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fdiagnostics-show-option -fcolor-diagnostics -o "C:\\Users\\burito\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\hello-d88ba4.o" -x c hello.c
clang -cc1 version 5.0.0 based upon LLVM 5.0.0 default target x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\mingw64\x86_64-w64-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 C:\Program Files\LLVM\lib\clang\5.0.0\include
 C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\mingw64\x86_64-w64-mingw32\include
 C:\Program Files\mingw-w64\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\mingw64\include
End of search list.
 "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\bin\\ld.exe" -m i386pep -Bdynamic -o hello.exe "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\lib\\crt2.o" "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\7.2.0\\crtbegin.o" "-LC:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\7.2.0" "-LC:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\lib" "-LC:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\lib" "-LC:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\x86_64-w64-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/lib" "C:\\Users\\burito\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\hello-d88ba4.o" -lmingw32 -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt -ladvapi32 -lshell32 -luser32 -lkernel32 -lmingw32 -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lmoldname -lmingwex -lmsvcrt "C:\\Program Files\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-7.2.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\\mingw64\\lib\\gcc\\x86_64-w64-mingw32\\7.2.0\\crtend.o"

C:\Users\burito>hello
Hello World!

C:\Users\burito>

Answer 2

安装使用 3.7.0 RC3 的 MinGW 构建的旧版本后，它可以工作了。

您可以注意到 i686-pc-windows- gnu与 i686-pc-windows- msvc版本的差异。

我认为如果他们没有破坏源代码中的某些内容并且您自己构建它，clang 3.9 也可以工作。如果最新的 3.9 也能与 MinGW 一起工作，那就太好了。虽然我太懒了，无法尝试自己构建它。

编辑： mingw 也有一些软件包https://github.com/Alexpux/MINGW-packages，您可以使用 MSYS2 安装它们，这些软件包似乎提供了对 clang 的支持。有一些与 3.8 和 3.9 相关的提交。

希望这会帮助有类似问题的人。