selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException：消息：元素当前不可见，因此可能无法与之交互

Question

目前正致力于使用Python登录Twitter。

Twitter的登录页面在这里。用户名和密码输入字段为的源代码：

<div class="LoginForm-input LoginForm-username">
<input
  type="text"
  class="text-input email-input js-signin-email"
  name="session[username_or_email]"
  autocomplete="username"
  placeholder="Phone, email or username"
/>
</div>

<div class="LoginForm-input LoginForm-password">
<input type="password" class="text-input" name="session[password]" 
placeholder="Password" autocomplete="current-password">
</div>

因此，当我使用Selenium模块在Python中编写代码时：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://twitter.com/login")
elem = driver.find_element_by_name("session[username_or_email]")
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys(username)
elem = driver.find_element_by_name("session[password]")
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys(password)
elem.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)
sleep(delay)

返回的错误：

selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException：消息：元素当前不可见，因此可能无法与之交互

有什么帮助吗？谢谢！我已经阅读了其他类似问题的答案，但并没有太大帮助。

编辑：

完整的错误消息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 154, in <module>
    main()
  File "main.py", line 143, in main
    twitterBruteforce(username, wordlist, delay)
  File "src/twitterLib.py", line 27, in twitterBruteforce
    elem.clear()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 88, in clear
    self._execute(Command.CLEAR_ELEMENT)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 457, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 233, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 194, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException: Message: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with
Stacktrace:
    at fxdriver.preconditions.visible (file:///tmp/tmpurkUhr/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:10092)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.checkPreconditions_ (file:///tmp/tmpurkUhr/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12644)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///tmp/tmpurkUhr/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12661)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpurkUhr/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12666)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/< (file:///tmp/tmpurkUhr/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12608)

Answer 1

您应该尝试使用WebDriverWait等到元素可见后再与元素进行交互，如下所示：-

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

user = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, "session[username_or_email]")))
user.clear()
user.send_keys(username)

pass = wait.until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, "session[password]")))
pass.clear()
pass.send_keys(password)

注： -而不是send_keys(Keys.RETURN)使用try click()到登录按钮元素login_button_element.click()，或者尝试使用submit()的表单元素作为form_element.submit()定位这些元素之后。