bol*_*wer 36 python machine-learning tf-idf pandas scikit-learn
我正在使用scikit中的TfidfVectorizer学习从文本数据中提取一些特征.我有一个带有分数的CSV文件(可以是+1或-1)和一个评论(文本).我将这些数据导入DataFrame,以便运行Vectorizer.
这是我的代码:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer
df = pd.read_csv("train_new.csv",
names = ['Score', 'Review'], sep=',')
# x = df['Review'] == np.nan
#
# print x.to_csv(path='FindNaN.csv', sep=',', na_rep = 'string', index=True)
#
# print df.isnull().values.any()
v = TfidfVectorizer(decode_error='replace', encoding='utf-8')
x = v.fit_transform(df['Review'])
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这是我得到的错误的追溯:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/PycharmProjects/Review/src/feature_extraction.py", line 16, in <module>
x = v.fit_transform(df['Review'])
File "/home/b/hw1/local/lib/python2.7/site- packages/sklearn/feature_extraction/text.py", line 1305, in fit_transform
X = super(TfidfVectorizer, self).fit_transform(raw_documents)
File "/home/b/work/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sklearn/feature_extraction/text.py", line 817, in fit_transform
self.fixed_vocabulary_)
File "/home/b/work/local/lib/python2.7/site- packages/sklearn/feature_extraction/text.py", line 752, in _count_vocab
for feature in analyze(doc):
File "/home/b/work/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sklearn/feature_extraction/text.py", line 238, in <lambda>
tokenize(preprocess(self.decode(doc))), stop_words)
File "/home/b/work/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sklearn/feature_extraction/text.py", line 118, in decode
raise ValueError("np.nan is an invalid document, expected byte or "
ValueError: np.nan is an invalid document, expected byte or unicode string.
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我检查了CSV文件和DataFrame中的任何被读取为NaN但我找不到的东西.有18000行,其中没有一行返回isnanTrue.
这是df['Review'].head()看起来像:
0 This book is such a life saver. It has been s...
1 I bought this a few times for my older son and...
2 This is great for basics, but I wish the space...
3 This book is perfect! I'm a first time new mo...
4 During your postpartum stay at the hospital th...
Name: Review, dtype: object
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Nic*_*eli 83
您需要将dtype转换object为unicode字符串,如回溯中明确提到的那样.
x = v.fit_transform(df['Review'].values.astype('U')) ## Even astype(str) would work
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从TFIDF Vectorizer的Doc页面:
fit_transform(raw_documents,y = None)
参数:raw_documents:iterable
是一个iterable,它产生str,unicode或file对象
小智 16
我找到了一种更有效的方法来解决这个问题。
x = v.fit_transform(df['Review'].apply(lambda x: np.str_(x)))
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当然你可以使用df['Review'].values.astype('U')来转换整个系列。但是我发现如果您要转换的系列非常大,则使用此函数会消耗更多内存。(我用一个包含 80w 行数据的系列测试这个,这样做astype('U')会消耗大约 96GB 的内存)
相反,如果您使用 lambda 表达式仅将 Series 中的数据从 转换str为numpy.str_,结果也将被fit_transform函数接受,这将更快并且不会增加内存使用量。
我不确定为什么这会起作用,因为在 TFIDF Vectorizer 的文档页面中:
fit_transform(raw_documents,y=无)
参数: raw_documents :可迭代
产生 str、unicode 或文件对象的可迭代对象
但实际上这个迭代必须产生np.str_而不是str.
小智 10
.values.astype('U')即使在我的数据集中使用评论后,我也遇到了 MemoryError 。
所以我尝试了.astype('U').values并且成功了。
这是来自以下内容的答案:Python: how to避免MemoryError when Transform text data into Unicode using astype('U')