如何根据XUnit测试隔离EF InMemory数据库

Question

我正在尝试使用InMemory EF7数据库进行我的xunit存储库测试.

但我的问题是,当我尝试Dispose创建的上下文时,内存db仍然存在.这意味着一个测试涉及其他.

我已阅读这篇文章单元测试实体框架7与内存中的数据存储和我试图安装在我的TestClass的构造背景.但这种方法不起作用.当我单独运行测试时一切正常,但我的第一个测试方法是在DB中添加一些东西,第二个测试方法从之前的测试方法开始使用脏DB.我尝试添加IDispose到测试类,但方法DatabaseContext和DB在内存中持久存在.我错了什么我错了什么？

我的代码看起来像:

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Xunit;

namespace Fabric.Tests.Repositories
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Test for TaskRepository 
    /// </summary>
    public class TaskRepositoryTests:IDisposable
    {

        private readonly DatabaseContext contextMemory;

        /// <summary>
        /// Constructor
        /// </summary>
        public TaskRepositoryTests()
        {
            var optionsBuilder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<DatabaseContext>();
            optionsBuilder.UseInMemoryDatabase();
            contextMemory = new DatabaseContext(optionsBuilder.Options);

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Dispose DB 
        /// </summary>
        public void Dispose()
        {
            //this has no effect 
            if (contextMemory != null)
            {                
                contextMemory.Dispose();
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// Positive Test for ListByAssigneeId method  
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>       
        [Fact]
        public async Task TasksRepositoryListByAssigneeId()
        {
            // Arrange
            var assigneeId = Guid.NewGuid();
            var taskList = new List<TaskItem>();


            //AssigneeId != assigneeId 
            taskList.Add(new TaskItem()
            {
                AssigneeId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                CreatorId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Description = "Descr 2",
                Done = false,
                Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Location = "Some location 2",
                Title = "Some title 2"
            });

            taskList.Add(new TaskItem()
            {
                AssigneeId = assigneeId,
                CreatorId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Description = "Descr",
                Done = false,
                Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Location = "Some location",
                Title = "Some title"
            });

            taskList.Add(new TaskItem()
            {
                AssigneeId = assigneeId,
                CreatorId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Description = "Descr 2",
                Done = false,
                Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Location = "Some location 2",
                Title = "Some title 2"
            });

            //AssigneeId != assigneeId 
            taskList.Add(new TaskItem()
            {
                AssigneeId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                CreatorId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Description = "Descr 2",
                Done = false,
                Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Location = "Some location 2",
                Title = "Some title 2"
            });


            //set up inmemory DB            
            contextMemory.TaskItems.AddRange(taskList);

            //save context
            contextMemory.SaveChanges();

            // Act
            var repository = new TaskRepository(contextMemory);
            var result = await repository.ListByAssigneeIdAsync(assigneeId);

            // Assert
            Assert.NotNull(result.Count());

            foreach (var td in result)
            {
                Assert.Equal(assigneeId, td.AssigneeId);
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// test for Add method  
        /// (Skip = "not able to clear DB context yet")
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [Fact]
        public async Task TasksRepositoryAdd()
        {
            var item = new TaskData()
            {
                AssigneeId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                CreatorId = Guid.NewGuid(),
                Description = "Descr",
                Done = false,
                Location = "Location",
                Title = "Title"
            };


            // Act
            var repository = new TaskRepository(contextMemory);
            var result = await repository.Add(item);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(1, contextMemory.TaskItems.Count());
            Assert.NotNull(result.Id);

            var dbRes = contextMemory.TaskItems.Where(s => s.Id == result.Id).SingleOrDefault();
            Assert.NotNull(dbRes);
            Assert.Equal(result.Id, dbRes.Id);
        }


    }
}

我在用:

"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.InMemory": "1.0.0"

"Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.0.0"

"xunit": "2.2.0-beta2-build3300"

Answer 1

从文档中,

通常,EF IServiceProvider为AppDomain中给定类型的所有上下文创建单个- 这意味着所有上下文实例共享相同的InMemory数据库实例.通过允许传入一个,您可以控制InMemory数据库的范围.

而不是使测试类是一次性的并尝试以这种方式处理数据上下文,为每个测试创建一个新的:

private static DbContextOptions<BloggingContext> CreateNewContextOptions()
{
    // Create a fresh service provider, and therefore a fresh 
    // InMemory database instance.
    var serviceProvider = new ServiceCollection()
        .AddEntityFrameworkInMemoryDatabase()
        .BuildServiceProvider();

    // Create a new options instance telling the context to use an
    // InMemory database and the new service provider.
    var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<DatabaseContext>();
    builder.UseInMemoryDatabase()
           .UseInternalServiceProvider(serviceProvider);

    return builder.Options;
}

然后,在每个测试中,使用此方法新建数据上下文:

using (var context = new DatabaseContext(CreateNewContextOptions()))
{
    // Do all of your data access and assertions in here
}

这种方法应该为每个测试提供一个干净的内存数据库.

Answer 2

我认为Nate给出的答案现在可能已经过时,或者我做错了.UseInMemoryDatabase()现在需要一个db名称.

以下是我最终的结果.我添加了一行来创建一个唯一的数据库名称.我删除了using语句,转而使用为每个测试用例调用一次的构造函数和dispose.

我的测试中有一些调试行.

public class DeviceRepositoryTests : IClassFixture<DatabaseFixture>, IDisposable
{

    private readonly DeviceDbContext _dbContext;
    private readonly DeviceRepository _repository;

    private readonly ITestOutputHelper _output;
    DatabaseFixture _dbFixture;

    public DeviceRepositoryTests(DatabaseFixture dbFixture, ITestOutputHelper output)
    {
        this._dbFixture = dbFixture;
        this._output = output;

        var dbOptBuilder = GetDbOptionsBuilder();
        this._dbContext = new DeviceDbContext(dbOptBuilder.Options);
        this._repository = new DeviceRepository(_dbContext);

        DeviceDbContextSeed.EnsureSeedDataForContext(_dbContext);
        //_output.WriteLine($"Database: {_dbContext.Database.GetDbConnection().Database}\n" +
        _output.WriteLine($"" +
              $"Locations: {_dbContext.Locations.Count()} \n" +
              $"Devices: {_dbContext.Devices.Count()} \n" +
              $"Device Types: {_dbContext.DeviceTypes.Count()} \n\n");

        //_output.WriteLine(deviceDbContextToString(_dbContext));
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        _output.WriteLine($"" +
                          $"Locations: {_dbContext.Locations.Count()} \n" +
                          $"Devices: {_dbContext.Devices.Count()} \n" +
                          $"Device Types: {_dbContext.DeviceTypes.Count()} \n\n");
        _dbContext.Dispose();
    }

    private static DbContextOptionsBuilder<DeviceDbContext> GetDbOptionsBuilder()
    {

        // The key to keeping the databases unique and not shared is 
        // generating a unique db name for each.
        string dbName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

        // Create a fresh service provider, and therefore a fresh 
        // InMemory database instance.
        var serviceProvider = new ServiceCollection()
            .AddEntityFrameworkInMemoryDatabase()
            .BuildServiceProvider();

        // Create a new options instance telling the context to use an
        // InMemory database and the new service provider.
        var builder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<DeviceDbContext>();
        builder.UseInMemoryDatabase(dbName)
               .UseInternalServiceProvider(serviceProvider);

        return builder;
    }

这是一个非常基本的测试用例.

[Fact]
public void LocationExists_True()
{
    Assert.True(_repository.LocationExists(_dbFixture.GoodLocationId));
}

我还做了8个测试用例试图删除具有相同id的相同设备并且每个都通过.