libxml-ruby:无法构建gem原生扩展

Question

我正在尝试安装libxml-ruby.我安装了libxml2,libxslt和coreutils

我还阅读了有关该问题的其他帖子,但没有一个解决它.

brew list libxslt

/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/bin/xslt-config
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/bin/xsltproc
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/include/libexslt/ (3 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/include/libxslt/ (21 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/libexslt.0.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/libxslt.1.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/pkgconfig/ (2 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/lib/ (5 other files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/aclocal/libxslt.m4
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/doc/ (90 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28_1/share/man/ (3 files)

brew list libxml2

/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xml2-config
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xmlcatalog
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/bin/xmllint
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/include/libxml2/ (47 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/libxml2.2.dylib
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/cmake/libxml2/libxml2-config.cmake
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/pkgconfig/libxml-2.0.pc
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/lib/ (3 other files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/aclocal/libxml.m4
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/doc/ (153 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/gtk-doc/ (55 files)
/opt/boxen/homebrew/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.4/share/man/ (4 files)

gem install libxml-ruby 产生以下错误:

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing libxml-ruby:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /opt/rubies/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/ext/libxml
/opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20160630-68248-1qaz7dk.rb extconf.rb
checking for libxml/xmlversion.h in /opt/include/libxml2,/opt/local/include/libxml2,/usr/local/include/libxml2,/usr/include/libxml2... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-xml2-config
    --without-xml2-config
    --with-xml2-dir
    --without-xml2-dir
    --with-xml2-include
    --without-xml2-include=${xml2-dir}/include
    --with-xml2-lib
    --without-xml2-lib=${xml2-dir}/lib
 extconf failure: need libxml2.

    Install the library or try one of the following options to extconf.rb:

      --with-xml2-config=/path/to/xml2-config
      --with-xml2-dir=/path/to/libxml2
      --with-xml2-lib=/path/to/libxml2/lib
      --with-xml2-include=/path/to/libxml2/include


To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.3.0-static/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/libxml-ruby-2.9.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /opt/boxen/rbenv/versions/2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-14/2.3.0-static/libxml-ruby-2.9.0/gem_make.out

Answer 1

在使用brew安装libxml2后,我遇到了类似的问题

Brew链接解决了这个问题 brew link --force libxml2

Answer 2

升级到macOS Mojave后的生活.

xcode-select --install
brew install libxml2
brew link --force libxml2
gem install libxml-ruby -v '2.9.0' -- --use-system-libraries=true --with-xml2-include="$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)"/usr/include/libxml2

在我的例子中,我安装2.9.0了libxml-ruby gem的版本.更改版本字符串以满足您的需要.如果可用,请检查Gemfile.lock以确定libxml-ruby需要安装哪个版本的Bundler.

Answer 3

macOS 随附libmxl2已安装，始终无需使用实用程序，例如brew先安装它。然而，/usr/include/libxml在/usr/include/libxml2/libxml.

通过编译如下所示的代码来libxml-ruby gem尝试检测是否libxml安装的配置脚本：

#include <libxml/xmlversion.h>

但是当使用 Xcode 附带的编译器进行编译时，只有以下代码可以工作：

#include <libxml2/libxml/xmlversion.h>

诀窍是让配置脚本知道在哪里可以找到标题。在安装了 Xcode 的 macOS 系统上，以下内容将起作用：

gem install libxml-ruby -v '3.1.0' -- --with-xml2-include=`xcrun --show-sdk-path`/usr/include/libxml2

Answer 4

自酿：

libxml2仅限于桶，这意味着它没有符号链接到/ usr / local，因为macOS已经提供了该软件，并且并行安装另一个版本可能会引起各种麻烦。

因此，我们需要直接设置libxml路径

brew install libxml2

gem install libxml-ruby \
-- \
--with-xml2-config="$(brew --prefix libxml2)/bin/xml2-config"

聚苯乙烯

如果您在最新的红宝石上例外：

只是忽略它。gem已成功安装。仅Rdoc文档生成失败。

The internal error was:

        (NoMethodError) undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass

ERROR:  While executing gem ... (NoMethodError)
    undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass

Answer 5

高级别问题显示在这里：

checking for libxml/xmlversion.h in /opt/include/libxml2,/opt/local/include/libxml2,/usr/local/include/libxml2,/usr/include/libxml2... no

基本上，安装程序会告诉您找不到libxml/xmlversion.h它，但更普遍的是，它很可能找不到您的libxml2位置。它告诉您正在查找哪个目录，因此第一步是检查这些目录以查看是否libxml2存在。

假设它不在这四个位置中的任何一个中，则需要找到它。运行find / -name xmlversion.h（可能需要sudo）找出libxml2安装位置。基于此答案，我猜您的问题是将其brew安装到的，/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2但您应该确认这一点。找到位置后，您可以手动将gem install命令指向该位置。这样的事情：（但填写path/to您的实际路径）

gem install libxml-ruby --with-xml2-dir=/path/to/libxml2 --with-xml2-lib=/path/to/libxml2/lib --with-xml2-include=/path/to/libxml2/include