简单迁移后 Laravel 测试失败

Question

我正在使用 Laravel 创建一个项目，今天我遇到了一个问题，我找不到如何以“正确”的方式解决。

我有这个迁移类：

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddCityAndCountryColumnToClient extends Migration {
    public function up() {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->string('city')->nullable()->default(null);
            $table->string('country', 2)->nullable()->default(null);
        });
    }

    public function down() {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn('country');
            $table->dropColumn('city');
        });
    }
}

我有一堆基于该表“客户端”模型的测试，它们运行得非常好，但是在我添加了这个迁移之后，我的测试每次从一开始就失败了。

现在，我发现如果我将该迁移类修改为：

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddCityAndCountryColumnToClient extends Migration {
    public function up() {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->string('city')->nullable()->default(null);
            $table->string('country', 2)->nullable()->default(null);
        });
    }

    public function down() {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            // $table->dropColumn('country');
            // $table->dropColumn('city');
        });
    }
}

现在我所有的测试都运行得很好。但我担心这样一个事实，即“向下”方法现在实际上什么都不做，而它应该与“向上”方法相反。

我的测试数据库是一个内存中的 sqlite 实例，用于提高速度：

'sqlite_testing' => [
    'driver'   => 'sqlite',
    'database' => ':memory:',
    'prefix'   => '',
],

我还有另外两个具有相同行为的迁移。奇怪的是，我已经对其中一个表执行了类似的操作（添加了一个字符串列），并且我无需在该类上评论我的“向下”方法的内容：

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class AddPhotoColumnToClientsTable extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->string('photo')->nullable();
        });
    }

    public function down()
    {
        Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->dropColumn('photo');
        });
    }
}

所以我不知道第一次提到的迁移时添加的“城市”和“国家”列有什么问题。

我从 php artisan 命令行创建了所有这些迁移类，因此我没有修改它们的默认结构（此处的示例没有注释以缩短它们），并且我还检查了这些迁移中没有一个在“下来”的方法。

我在那里遗漏了什么，或者是否有某种限制我忘记了 SQLite 或迁移？

这是注释了“down”方法的结果：

PHPUnit 4.8.23 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

.............S.............................................

Time: 42.4 seconds, Memory: 47.25Mb

OK, but incomplete, skipped, or risky tests!
Tests: 59, Assertions: 215, Skipped: 1.

如果我取消注释任何或所有“向下”方法内容行，这就是结果：

PHPUnit 4.8.23 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

E

Time: 1.74 seconds, Memory: 20.75Mb

There was 1 error:

1) AuthTest::a_client_user_can_login_via_api
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such column: country (SQL: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE __temp__clients AS SELECT id, user_id, cell_phone, photo, created_at, updated_at, deleted_at, country FROM clients)

C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:669
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:629
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:409
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint.php:83
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Builder.php:203
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Builder.php:128
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade.php:221
C:\My Project\database\migrations\2016_03_12_002857_add_city_and_country_column_to_client.php:28
C:\My Project\database\migrations\2016_03_12_002857_add_city_and_country_column_to_client.php:28
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migrator.php:233
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migrator.php:181
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\Migrations\RollbackCommand.php:63
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:507
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:169
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:256
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:155
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:791
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:186
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:117
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:64
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel.php:159
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\Concerns\InteractsWithConsole.php:25
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations.php:12
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:127
C:\Users\TheWindowsUser\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\phpunit\phpunit\src\TextUI\Command.php:149
C:\Users\TheWindowsUser\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\phpunit\phpunit\src\TextUI\Command.php:100

Caused by
PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1 no such column: country

C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:408
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:662
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:629
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:409
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint.php:83
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Builder.php:203
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\Builder.php:128
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade.php:221
C:\My Project\database\migrations\2016_03_12_002857_add_city_and_country_column_to_client.php:28
C:\My Project\database\migrations\2016_03_12_002857_add_city_and_country_column_to_client.php:28
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migrator.php:233
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migrator.php:181
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\Migrations\RollbackCommand.php:63
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:507
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:169
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:256
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:155
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:791
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:186
C:\My Project\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:117
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:64
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel.php:159
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\Concerns\InteractsWithConsole.php:25
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations.php:12
C:\My Project\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:127
C:\Users\TheWindowsUser\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\phpunit\phpunit\src\TextUI\Command.php:149
C:\Users\TheWindowsUser\AppData\Roaming\Composer\vendor\phpunit\phpunit\src\TextUI\Command.php:100

FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 4, Errors: 1.

更新

顺便说一句，我正在使用该use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;特征运行所有测试。Laravel 提供的默认测试类没有应用特殊的配置，也没有特别的变化。

Answer 1

要么将拖放拆分为两个单独的操作，要么将数组传递给要删除的列的 dropColumn。

任何一个

Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->dropColumn('country');
});

Schema::table('clients', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->dropColumn('city');
});

或者

$table->dropColumn(['country', 'city']);

见https://github.com/laravel/framework/issues/2979