在Android视图中使用UI元素进行测试

Question

我试图用以下测试用例测试简单的UI,主要思想是在测试中设置一些UI文本(模仿用户输入),然后主动点击一个事件.

public class StackTestCase 
extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<Stack> 
{
private StackDemo mActivity;

private EditText eaten;
    public StuckTestCase() {
         super("com.crocodil.software.stack", Stack.class);


    }
    public StuckTestCase(Class<Stack> activityClass) {
         super("com.crocodil.software.stack", activityClass);

    }
    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
        super.setUp();
        mActivity = this.getActivity();
        mCount = (Button) mActivity.findViewById(com.crocodil.software.stack.R.id.action);
        eaten = (EditText) mActivity.findViewById(com.crocodil.software.stack.R.id.eaten);

    }

    public void testPreconditions() {
        assertNotNull(mStatus);
      }

    public void testSimpleDefaults(){
        double status = Double.valueOf(mStatus.getText().toString());
        eaten.setText(2);
        mCount.performClick();
        assertEquals((status-2),Double.valueOf(mStatus.getText().toString()));
    }

}

运行结果是例外 -

android.view.ViewRoot$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.
at android.view.ViewRoot.checkThread(ViewRoot.java:2802)
at android.view.ViewRoot.playSoundEffect(ViewRoot.java:2581)
at android.view.View.playSoundEffect(View.java:8516)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2407)
at com.crocodil.software.stack.test.StackTestCase.testSimpleDefaults(StackTestCase.java:46)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.runMethod(InstrumentationTestCase.java:204)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestCase.runTest(InstrumentationTestCase.java:194)
at android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.runTest(ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2.java:186)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:169)
at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:154)
at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:520)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1447)

每次访问UI元素时都会发生这种情况,我无法通过使用句柄或异步任务来避免它？有什么建议？

Answer 1

这是一个老问题,但无论如何我都会给你一个答案,万一有人偶然发现它.

除了主线程(UI线程)之外,不允许从任何位置更改UI小部件的状态.您的performClick必须像这样完成:

mActivity.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
  @Override
  public void run() {
    mCount.performClick();
  }
});

但这还不是全部,您还需要通过添加以下行来同步您的仪器测试和ui:

getInstrumentation().waitForIdleSync();

同步行通常紧跟在runOnUiThread()代码之后.

Answer 2

问题是您只能从UI线程触摸/更改视图.您可以将runnable用作Rober概述或注释.

您可以使用@UiThreadTest注释在UI线程上运行测试内的所有方法:

更新:

这个@interface在API级别24中已弃用.
请改用UiThreadTest.应使用Android测试支持库编写新测试.

@UiThreadTest
public void testSimpleDefaults(){
     double status = Double.valueOf(mStatus.getText().toString());
     eaten.setText(2);
     mCount.performClick();
     assertEquals((status-2),Double.valueOf(mStatus.getText().toString()));
}