hBy*_*2Py 1 python python-2.7 argparse
在开发过程中,我正处于过渡阶段,即将变成一个相当庞大的Python 2.7项目。现在,我将所有unittest班级集中在各自的模块中tests.py,该模块大约有3300行。这太疯狂了,无法导航,到处都是坏习惯,等等。
因此,我当前的任务是将其重构为子模块。作为此重构的一部分,我想简化从命令行运行一部分测试的过程。例如:
$ python tests.py --all <--- runs *all* tests
$ python tests.py --utils_base <--- runs all tests on .utils
$ python tests.py --utils_vector <--- runs all tests on .utils.vector
$ python tests.py --utils_base --utils_vector <--- runs all tests on .utils.vector & .utils
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因此,我开始使用进行设置argparse。我进行了基本ArgumentParser设置,没有问题,并且帮助消息显示正常:
$ python tests.py -h
usage: tests.py [-h] [--all] [--utils_base]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
Global Options:
--all Run all tests (overrides any other selections)
opan.base.utils Tests:
--utils_base Run all .utils tests
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但是,当我去运行一些测试时,它崩溃并显示“参数无法识别”错误:
$ python tests.py --all
option --all not recognized
Usage: tests.py [options] [test] [...]
Options:
-h, --help Show this message
-v, --verbose Verbose output
-q, --quiet Minimal output
-f, --failfast Stop on first failure
-c, --catch Catch control-C and display results
-b, --buffer Buffer stdout and stderr during test runs
Examples:
tests.py - run default set of tests
tests.py MyTestSuite - run suite 'MyTestSuite'
tests.py MyTestCase.testSomething - run MyTestCase.testSomething
tests.py MyTestCase - run all 'test*' test methods
in MyTestCase
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经过一些调试之后,我终于意识到要解析的命令行参数将tests.py保留在其中sys.argv并传递给unittest.main。(回想起来,Examples:对错误消息部分的仔细阅读应该早就让我明白了。)
因此,为解决此问题,我在下面添加了标记的代码,以sys.argv在将控件传递给之前清除自定义参数unittest.main:
# Arguments for selecting test suites
ALL = 'all'
UTILS_BASE = 'utils_base'
# Collecting the args together for iteration later
test_args = [ALL, UTILS_BASE]
...
# Strip from sys.argv any test arguments that are present
for a in test_args: <---
str_arg = '--{0}'.format(a) <--- ADDING THESE MAKES UNITTEST HAPPY
if str_arg in sys.argv: <---
sys.argv.remove(str_arg) <---
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有没有办法告诉argparse给.remove参数从发现sys.argv,也许在施工了ArgumentParser?我已经搜索了argparse文档页面,但是我一生都找不到能做到这一点的选项。
from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import sys
def main():
print(sys.argv)
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--all', action='store_true')
parser.add_argument('--utils_base', action='store_true')
args, left = parser.parse_known_args()
sys.argv = sys.argv[:1]+left
main()
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虽然,我必须问。您为什么要编写自己的测试跑步者?unittest模块允许您从cli运行特定的测试集:
# run test from a spefiic class
$ python -m unittest module.tests.group.TestSpecific
# all possible options
$ python -m unittest --help
Usage: python -m unittest [options] [tests]
Options:
-h, --help Show this message
-v, --verbose Verbose output
-q, --quiet Minimal output
-f, --failfast Stop on first failure
-c, --catch Catch control-C and display results
-b, --buffer Buffer stdout and stderr during test runs
Examples:
python -m unittest test_module - run tests from test_module
python -m unittest module.TestClass - run tests from module.TestClass
python -m unittest module.Class.test_method - run specified test method
[tests] can be a list of any number of test modules, classes and test
methods.
Alternative Usage: python -m unittest discover [options]
Options:
-v, --verbose Verbose output
-f, --failfast Stop on first failure
-c, --catch Catch control-C and display results
-b, --buffer Buffer stdout and stderr during test runs
-s directory Directory to start discovery ('.' default)
-p pattern Pattern to match test files ('test*.py' default)
-t directory Top level directory of project (default to
start directory)
For test discovery all test modules must be importable from the top
level directory of the project.
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如果您在分组和运行测试方面需要更大的灵活性,建议您选择鼻子测试
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