Cac*_*tus 5 clojure bit-shift signedness
Clojure的位移操作似乎都返回64位long结果,即使对于32位int参数也是如此.这不是一个实质性的问题bit-shift-left:
user=> (format "%08x" (unchecked-int (bit-shift-left (unchecked-int 0x12345678) 4)))
"23456780"
user=> (format "%08x" (unchecked-int (bit-shift-left (unchecked-int 0xf2345678) 4)))
"23456780"
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
但是,这成为负数无符号右移的问题:
user=> (format "%08x" (unchecked-int (unsigned-bit-shift-right (unchecked-int 0xf2345678) 4)))
"ff234567"
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
当然,正确的答案是0f234567.
在Clojure中实现32位无符号右移的最有效方法是什么?
这可以通过调用int clojure.lang.Numbers.unsignedShiftRightInt(int, int)使用>>>on int参数的方法返回来完成int.它目前在任何地方都没有作为函数公开,但它确实有一个内部实现(相当于>>>Java),你可以直接调用它或包装你自己的inlinable函数:
(defn unsigned-bit-shift-right-int
{:inline (fn [x n] `(clojure.lang.Numbers/unsignedShiftRightInt ~x ~n))}
[x n]
(clojure.lang.Numbers/unsignedShiftRightInt x n))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这会返回正确的值,无论它是否被内联,但当然通常你希望它被内联.确保参数实际上是原始ints以便内在可以启动也是很好的.
这是Clojure 1.8在两种可能情况下编译的内容(非内联案例是常规函数调用,没有什么可看的):
滥用count一点只是为了说明这一点.注意iushr说明.
Clojure deftype:
(deftype Foo [^int x ^int y]
clojure.lang.Counted
(count [this]
(unsigned-bit-shift-right-int x y)))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)字节码:
// Method descriptor #61 ()I
// Stack: 2, Locals: 1
public int count();
0 aload_0 [this]
1 getfield user.Foo.x : int [19]
4 aload_0 [this]
5 getfield user.Foo.y : int [21]
8 iushr
9 ireturn
Line numbers:
[pc: 0, line: 1]
[pc: 8, line: 4]
Local variable table:
[pc: 0, pc: 9] local: this index: 0 type: user.Foo
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)注意invokestatic clojure.lang.Numbers.unsignedShiftRight…说明.
Clojure表达:
#(format "%08x"
(clojure.lang.Numbers/unsignedShiftRightInt (unchecked-int 0xf2345678) 4))
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)字节码:
// Method descriptor #11 ()Ljava/lang/Object;
// Stack: 5, Locals: 1
public java.lang.Object invoke();
0 getstatic user$eval16141$fn__16142.const__0 : clojure.lang.Var [15]
3 invokevirtual clojure.lang.Var.getRawRoot() : java.lang.Object [20]
6 checkcast clojure.lang.IFn [22]
9 ldc <String "%08x"> [24]
11 ldc2_w <Long 4063516280> [25]
14 l2i
15 ldc2_w <Long 4> [27]
18 invokestatic clojure.lang.RT.intCast(long) : int [34]
21 invokestatic clojure.lang.Numbers.unsignedShiftRightInt(int, int) : int [40]
24 invokestatic java.lang.Integer.valueOf(int) : java.lang.Integer [46]
27 invokeinterface clojure.lang.IFn.invoke(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object) : java.lang.Object [49] [nargs: 3]
32 areturn
Line numbers:
[pc: 0, line: 1]
[pc: 6, line: 1]
[pc: 14, line: 1]
[pc: 21, line: 1]
[pc: 27, line: 1]
Local variable table:
[pc: 0, pc: 32] local: this index: 0 type: java.lang.Object
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)