花了一整天调查这个bug,我的同事们说它看起来像一个链接器或库bug.我以前从来没有这样的事情,所以我来这里记录并寻求帮助!
调用main之前的可执行段错误
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
(gdb) bt
#0 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
#1 0x00007ffff7b47901 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
#2 0x00007ffff7b47943 in std::locale::locale() () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
#3 0x00007ffff7b44724 in std::ios_base::Init::Init() () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6
#4 0x0000000000400c1c in __static_initialization_and_destruction_0 (__initialize_p=1, __priority=65535)
at /usr/include/c++/4.8/iostream:74
#5 0x0000000000400c45 in _GLOBAL__sub_I__ZN9CrashTestC2Ev () at crash_test.cc:8
#6 0x0000000000400c9d in __libc_csu_init ()
#7 0x00007ffff7512e55 in __libc_start_main (main=0x400bea <main()>, argc=1, argv=0x7fffffffdca8,
init=0x400c50 <__libc_csu_init>, fini=<optimized out>, rtld_fini=<optimized out>, stack_end=0x7fffffffdc98)
at libc-start.c:246
#8 0x0000000000400ad9 in _start ()
(gdb)
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由此产生的崩溃似乎与导致此错误报告的此问题相似,但我的代码不同且对更改非常敏感.我将问题缩小到5个要求:
而已.更改或省略任何要求,并且不会发生段错误.
我创建了一个最小的测试用例.这是可执行文件头
// crash_test.h
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include "crash.h"
class CrashTest {
CrashTest(); // must have a constructor
std::string first_; // must be a string declared before Crash object
Crash crash_; // must be a value, not pointer
};
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主要功能是空的.我甚至没有构建我定义的类!
#include "crash_test.h"
#include <iostream> // required
CrashTest::CrashTest() { } // must be here, not header
int main() {
return 0;
}
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Crash类不能简单得多
// crash.h
#pragma once
struct Crash {
Crash();
};
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但它确实需要一个实现来创建一个共享库.
#include "crash.h"
Crash::Crash() {} // must be here, not header
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我还在一个新的Ubuntu 14.04安装的Docker容器中对它进行了测试,并通过apt-get安装了g ++ - 4.8.
这是构建脚本.
#! /bin/sh
COMPILE="/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-g++-4.8 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Werror -std=c++11 -O0 -g "
# Segfault only occurs using the gold linker.
LINKER="-fuse-ld=gold"
# Compile a shared library and then an executable.
# If the latter is linked with pthread, it segfaults when run.
# If the shared library is removed, there is no segfault.
$COMPILE -fPIC -o crash.o -c crash.cc \
&& $COMPILE -o crash_test.o -c crash_test.cc \
&& $COMPILE -fPIC $LINKER -shared -Wl,-soname,libcrash.so -o libcrash.so crash.o -Wl,-rpath=. \
&& $COMPILE $LINKER crash_test.o -o crash_test -rdynamic libcrash.so -pthread -Wl,-rpath=. \
&& echo "Compiled and linked..." \
&& ./crash_test \
&& echo "Did not crash!"
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我已将所有代码放在github repo:crash_test中
建议赞赏!
您似乎遇到了此gold票证中描述的问题。根据对该票证的评论,以下解决方法为我解决了问题:更改链接器命令行以包含参数-Wl,--no-as-needed。对于您的构建脚本,这将是:
$COMPILE -fPIC -o crash.o -c crash.cc \
&& $COMPILE -o crash_test.o -c crash_test.cc \
&& $COMPILE -fPIC $LINKER -shared -Wl,-soname,libcrash.so \
-o libcrash.so crash.o -Wl,-rpath=. \
&& $COMPILE $LINKER crash_test.o -o crash_test \
-rdynamic libcrash.so -pthread -Wl,-rpath=. -Wl,--no-as-needed
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但正如我所说,这只是一种解决方法,我不确定这是否是您可以接受的解决方案。如果您需要正确的解决方案,您可能应该恢复该票证并在那里发布您的发现。
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