验证Mongoose Schema并显示自定义错误消息的最佳实践

Question

我已经开始学习Node.js了,有一点让我感到困惑的是Schema验证.

验证数据并向用户显示自定义错误消息的最佳做法是什么？

假设我们有这个简单的Schema:

var mongoose = require("mongoose");

// create instance of Schema
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;

// create schema
var Schema  = {
    "email" : { type: String, unique: true },
    "password" : String,
    "created_at" : Date,
    "updated_at" : Date
};

// Create model if it doesn't exist.
module.exports = mongoose.model('User', Schema);

我想让注册用户拥有独特的电子邮件,所以我已添加unique: true到我的架构中.现在,如果我想向用户显示错误消息,说明为什么他没有注册,我会收到类似这样的回复:

    "code": 11000,
    "index": 0,
    "errmsg": "E11000 duplicate key error index: my_db.users.$email_1 dup key: { : \"test@test.com\" }",
    "op": {
      "password": "xxx",
      "email": "test@test.com",
      "_id": "56895e48c978d4a10f35666a",
      "__v": 0
    }

这有点乱,我想显示发送给客户端这样的事情:

"status": {
  "text": "Email test@test.com is already taken.",
  "code": 400
}

怎么做到这一点？

Answer 1

const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const Schema = mongoose.Schema
const { hash } = require('../helpers/bcrypt')

const userSchema = new Schema({

email: {
    type: String,
    required: [true, 'email is required'],
    match: [/^([\w-\.]+@([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]{2,4})?$/, 'Invalid email format'],
    validate: {
        validator: function(v){
            return this.model('User').findOne({ email: v }).then(user => !user)
        },
        message: props => `${props.value} is already used by another user`
    },
},
password: {
    type: String,
    required: [true, 'password is required']
}

})

userSchema.pre('save', function(done){
    this.password = hash(this.password)
    done()
})


module.exports = mongoose.model('User', userSchema)

Answer 2

处理 mongoose 中唯一约束的错误消息的最简单方法是使用诸如mongoose-beautiful-unique-validation之类的插件。它使错误消息看起来像普通的验证错误消息。