如何加快API请求？

Question

我已经构建了以下用于使用google的地方api获取电话号码的小程序,但它很慢.当我用6个项目进行测试时,它需要从4.86秒到1.99秒,我不确定为什么会发生重大变化.我对API很新,所以我甚至不确定哪些事情可以/不能加速,哪些事情留给服务于API的网络服务器以及我可以改变自己.

import requests,json,time
searchTerms = input("input places separated by comma")

start_time = time.time() #timer
searchTerms = searchTerms.split(',')
for i in searchTerms:
    r1 = requests.get('https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/textsearch/json?query='+ i +'&key=MY_KEY')
    a = r1.json()
    pid = a['results'][0]['place_id']
    r2 = requests.get('https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/details/json?placeid='+pid+'&key=MY_KEY')
    b = r2.json()
    phone = b['result']['formatted_phone_number']
    name = b['result']['name']
    website = b['result']['website']
    print(phone+' '+name+' '+website)

print("--- %s seconds ---" % (time.time() - start_time))

Answer 1

您可能希望并行发送请求.Python提供了multiprocessing适合这样的任务的模块.

示例代码:

from multiprocessing import Pool

def get_data(i):
    r1 = requests.get('https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/textsearch/json?query='+ i +'&key=MY_KEY')
    a = r1.json()
    pid = a['results'][0]['place_id']
    r2 = requests.get('https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/place/details/json?placeid='+pid+'&key=MY_KEY')
    b = r2.json()
    phone = b['result']['formatted_phone_number']
    name = b['result']['name']
    website = b['result']['website']
    return ' '.join((phone, name, website))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    terms = input("input places separated by comma").split(",")
    with Pool(5) as p:
        print(p.map(get_data, terms))

Answer 2

使用会话来启用持久的 HTTP 连接（这样你就不必每次都建立一个新的连接）

文档：请求高级用法 - 会话对象

Answer 3

大多数时间都没有花在计算您的请求上。时间花在与服务器的通信上。那是你无法控制的事情。

但是，您可以使用并行化来加快速度。为每个请求创建一个单独的线程作为开始。

from threading import Thread

def request_search_terms(*args):
    #your logic for a request goes here
    pass

#...

threads = []
for st in searchTerms:
    threads.append (Thread (target=request_search_terms, args=(st,)))
    threads[-1].start()

for t in threads:
    t.join();

然后随着请求数量的增长使用线程池，这将避免重复创建线程的开销。