Python：将文本文件（每一行都是字典结构）读取到字典中

Question

我正在尝试将文件读取到字典中，每一行都已经采用字典格式：

输入.txt：

{u'FirstName': u'John', u'Title': u'Mr', u'LastName': u'Doe'}
{u'FirstName': u'Mary', u'Title': u'Ms', u'LastName': u'Doe'}

然后我尝试执行以下操作：

with open("input.txt", "r") as ins:
    for line in ins:
        data = {}
        data = line
        print(data["Title"])

我得到了错误：

    <ipython-input-18-a5a5994a6c1d> in main()
         18             data = {}
         19             data = line
    ---> 20             print(data["Title"])
         21 
         22 

TypeError: string indices must be integers, not str

---

我错过了什么以及将 input.txt 的每一行读取到字典中的正确方法是什么？谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以使用astliteral_eval库中的方法，如下所示：

import ast
with open("input.txt", "r") as ins:
    for line in ins:
        data = ast.literal_eval(line)
        print(data["Title"])
        print type(data) #To Check data type

现在，在您的原始代码上：

with open("input.txt", "r") as ins:
    for line in ins:
        data = {} #You are creating a new dictionary every iteration of for loop
        data = line #Re-defining data, which becomes string
        print(data["Title"]) #Then here you try index the data (string) with  a string ...that's wrong, string indexes are intergers 

Answer 2

在 for 循环中，您从文件中读取字符串。并且您需要将其转换为 Python dict。您可以使用ast.literal_eval将格式转换str为dict.

import ast
with open("input.txt", "r") as ins:
    for line in ins:
        data = ast.literal_eval(line)
        print(data["Title"])