找不到满足要求<package>的版本

Question

我正在使用以下requirements.txt文件在Ubuntu 12.04中安装几个Python包:

numpy>=1.8.2,<2.0.0
matplotlib>=1.3.1,<2.0.0
scipy>=0.14.0,<1.0.0
astroML>=0.2,<1.0
scikit-learn>=0.14.1,<1.0.0
rpy2>=2.4.3,<3.0.0

和这两个命令:

$ pip install --download=/tmp -r requirements.txt
$ pip install --user --no-index --find-links=/tmp -r requirements.txt

(第一个下载包,第二个安装它们).

该过程经常因错误而停止:

  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement <package> (from matplotlib<2.0.0,>=1.3.1->-r requirements.txt (line 2)) (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for <package> (from matplotlib<2.0.0,>=1.3.1->-r requirements.txt (line 2))

我手动修复:

pip install --user <package>

然后pip install再次运行第二个命令.

但是,这仅适用于该特定的包.当我pip install再次运行第二个命令时,进程停止现在抱怨另一个必需的包,我需要再次重复该过程,即:手动安装新的所需包(使用上面的命令),然后运行第二个pip install命令.

到目前为止,我不得不手动安装six,pytz,nose,现在它在抱怨需要mock.

有没有办法告诉pip自动安装所有需要的依赖项,所以我不必逐个手动安装？

添加:这只发生在Ubuntu 12.04 BTW中.在Ubuntu 14.04中,pip install应用于requirements.txt文件的命令没有问题.

Answer 1

虽然它并没有真正回答这个具体问题。其他人收到了与此错误相同的错误消息。

对于那些谁像我最初忘了-r：使用pip install -r requirements.txt的-r是命令至关重要。

原答案：

/sf/answers/3001365811/

Answer 2

只有当目录包含所有包时,此方法(在目录中具有所有依赖项而不从索引下载)才有效.因此,该目录应包含所有依赖项,但也包含这些依赖项依赖的所有包(例如six,pytz等).

因此,您应该手动包含这些requirements.txt(以便第一步显式下载它们),或者您应该使用PyPI安装所有包,然后pip freeze > requirements.txt存储所需的所有包的列表.

Answer 3

我安装了python3,但我在/ usr/bin/python中的python仍然是旧的2.7版本

这个工作(<pkg>是pyserial在我的情况):

python3 -m pip install <pkg>

Answer 4

以下命令对我有用-

python -m pip install flask

Answer 5

After 2 hours of searching, I found a way to fix it with just one line of command. You need to know the version of the package (Just search up PACKAGE version).

Command:

python3 -m pip install --pre --upgrade PACKAGE==VERSION.VERSION.VERSION

Answer 6

只是提醒谁谷歌这个错误并来到这里。

假设我收到此错误：

$ python3 example.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "example.py", line 7, in <module>
    import aalib
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'aalib'

既然提到了aalib，我就想尝试aalib：

$ python3.8 -m pip install aalib
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement aalib (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for aalib

但它实际上是错误的包名，确保pip search（在撰写本文时服务已禁用），或谷歌，或在pypi 网站上搜索以获取准确的包名：

然后安装成功：

$ python3.8 -m pip install python-aalib
Collecting python-aalib
  Downloading python-aalib-0.3.2.tar.gz (14 kB)
...

如前所述pip --help：

$ python3.8 -m pip --help
...
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.

为了有系统地找出根本原因而不是依靠运气，您可以附加命令-vvv选项pip以查看详细信息，例如：

$ python3.8 -u -m pip install aalib -vvv
User install by explicit request
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-b3ghm9eb
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-ygwnj94r
Initialized build tracking at /tmp/pip-req-tracker-ygwnj94r
Created build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-ygwnj94r
Entered build tracker: /tmp/pip-req-tracker-ygwnj94r
Created temporary directory: /tmp/pip-install-jfurrdbb
1 location(s) to search for versions of aalib:
* https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/
Fetching project page and analyzing links: https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/
Getting page https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/
Found index url https://pypi.org/simple
Getting credentials from keyring for https://pypi.org/simple
Getting credentials from keyring for pypi.org
Looking up "https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/" in the cache
Request header has "max_age" as 0, cache bypassed
Starting new HTTPS connection (1): pypi.org:443
https://pypi.org:443 "GET /simple/aalib/ HTTP/1.1" 404 13
[hole] Status code 404 not in (200, 203, 300, 301)
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/: 404 Client Error: Not Found for url: https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/ - skipping
Given no hashes to check 0 links for project 'aalib': discarding no candidates
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement aalib (from versions: none)
Cleaning up...
Removed build tracker: '/tmp/pip-req-tracker-ygwnj94r'
ERROR: No matching distribution found for aalib
Exception information:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 186, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 357, in run
    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 177, in resolve
    discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 333, in _resolve_one
    abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/legacy_resolve.py", line 281, in _get_abstract_dist_for
    req.populate_link(self.finder, upgrade_allowed, require_hashes)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py", line 249, in populate_link
    self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_internal/index/package_finder.py", line 926, in find_requirement
    raise DistributionNotFound(
pip._internal.exceptions.DistributionNotFound: No matching distribution found for aalib

从上面的日志中，很明显https://pypi.org/simple/aalib/没有找到URL 404。然后你就可以猜出导致404的可能原因，即错误的包名。另一件事是我可以修改pip模块的相关python文件以使用上述日志进一步调试。要编辑.whl文件，您可以使用wheel命令 tounpack和pack。

Answer 7

并非总是如此，但在某些情况下，该包已经存在。例如 - getpass。它没有被“pip list”列出，但可以导入和使用：

如果我尝试 pip install getpass，我会收到以下错误：“找不到满足 getpass 要求的版本”