如何在Laravel中创建数据库模式(表)？

Question

我是Laravel的新手.我正在尝试在Laravel中创建数据库.我尝试在控制台中:

Schema::create

但它正在给'命令未找到'.我应该安装什么或如何创建数据库？

Answer 1

我的工作示例：

创建新的工匠命令：

php artisan make:command mysql

App \ Console \ Commands \ mysql.php的内容：

namespace App\Console\Commands;

use Illuminate\Console\Command;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;

class mysql extends Command
{
    /**
     * The name and signature of the console command.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $signature = 'mysql:createdb {name?}';

    /**
     * The console command description.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $description = 'Create a new mysql database schema based on the database config file';

    /**
     * Create a new command instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
    }

    /**
     * Execute the console command.
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        $schemaName = $this->argument('name') ?: config("database.connections.mysql.database");
        $charset = config("database.connections.mysql.charset",'utf8mb4');
        $collation = config("database.connections.mysql.collation",'utf8mb4_unicode_ci');

        config(["database.connections.mysql.database" => null]);

        $query = "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $schemaName CHARACTER SET $charset COLLATE $collation;";

        DB::statement($query);

        config(["database.connections.mysql.database" => $schemaName]);

    }
}

然后运行：（schema_name是可选的）

php artisan mysql:createdb schema_name

Answer 2

首先,您必须在config folder.it中的database.php中设置数据库名称,用户名和密码

'connections' => [

        'sqlite' => [
            'driver'   => 'sqlite',
            'database' => storage_path('database.sqlite'),
            'prefix'   => '',
        ],

        'mysql' => [
            'driver'    => 'mysql',
            'host'      => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'),
            'database'  => env('DB_DATABASE', 'news'),
            'username'  => env('DB_USERNAME', 'root'),
            'password'  => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset'   => 'utf8',
            'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
            'prefix'    => '',
            'strict'    => false,
        ],

        'pgsql' => [
            'driver'   => 'pgsql',
            'host'     => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset'  => 'utf8',
            'prefix'   => '',
            'schema'   => 'public',
        ],

        'sqlsrv' => [
            'driver'   => 'sqlsrv',
            'host'     => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset'  => 'utf8',
            'prefix'   => '',
        ],

    ],

如果您使用的是xampp,请右键单击您的项目文件夹,然后单击此处使用composer

然后运行以下命令

 php artisan migrate:install

你可以像创建表一样

php artisan make:migration create_users_table

迁移结构

迁移类包含两种方法:向上和向下.up方法用于向数据库添加新表,列或索引,而down方法应该简单地反转up方法执行的操作.

在这两种方法中,您可以使用Laravel模式构建器来表达式创建和修改表.要了解"架构"构建器上提供的所有方法,请查看其文档.例如,让我们看一下创建航班表的示例迁移:

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateFlightsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('flights', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('airline');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::drop('flights');
    }
}

要知道所有artisan命令运行以下命令

php artisan

更多阅读以下文档http://laravel.com/docs/5.1/migrations