Go中高效的读写CSV

Question

下面的Go代码读入10,000记录CSV(时间戳times和浮点数values),对数据运行一些操作,然后将原始值写入另一个CSV以及另外一列score.然而它非常慢(即几小时,但大部分都是这样calculateStuff())而且我很好奇,如果我可以处理的CSV读/写有任何低效率.

package main

import (
  "encoding/csv"
  "log"
  "os"
  "strconv"
)

func ReadCSV(filepath string) ([][]string, error) {
  csvfile, err := os.Open(filepath)

  if err != nil {
    return nil, err
  }
  defer csvfile.Close()

  reader := csv.NewReader(csvfile)
  fields, err := reader.ReadAll()

  return fields, nil
}

func main() {
  // load data csv
  records, err := ReadCSV("./path/to/datafile.csv")
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  // write results to a new csv
  outfile, err := os.Create("./where/to/write/resultsfile.csv"))
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal("Unable to open output")
  }
  defer outfile.Close()
  writer := csv.NewWriter(outfile)

  for i, record := range records {
    time := record[0]
    value := record[1]

    // skip header row
    if i == 0 {
      writer.Write([]string{time, value, "score"})
      continue
    }

    // get float values
    floatValue, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, 64)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatal("Record: %v, Error: %v", floatValue, err)
    }

    // calculate scores; THIS EXTERNAL METHOD CANNOT BE CHANGED
    score := calculateStuff(floatValue)

    valueString := strconv.FormatFloat(floatValue, 'f', 8, 64)
    scoreString := strconv.FormatFloat(prob, 'f', 8, 64)
    //fmt.Printf("Result: %v\n", []string{time, valueString, scoreString})

    writer.Write([]string{time, valueString, scoreString})
  }

  writer.Flush()
}

我正在寻找帮助尽快制作这个CSV读/写模板代码.对于这个问题的范围,我们不必担心该calculateStuff方法.

Answer 1

您首先将文件加载到内存中然后处理它,这对于大文件来说可能很慢.

您需要一次循环并调用.Read和处理一行.

func processCSV(rc io.Reader) (ch chan []string) {
    ch = make(chan []string, 10)
    go func() {
        r := csv.NewReader(rc)
        if _, err := r.Read(); err != nil { //read header
            log.Fatal(err)
        }
        defer close(ch)
        for {
            rec, err := r.Read()
            if err != nil {
                if err == io.EOF {
                    break
                }
                log.Fatal(err)

            }
            ch <- rec
        }
    }()
    return
}

playground

//注意它大致基于DaveC的评论.

Answer 2

这基本上是Dave C在评论部分的回答:

package main

import (
  "encoding/csv"
  "log"
  "os"
  "strconv"
)

func main() {
  // setup reader
  csvIn, err := os.Open("./path/to/datafile.csv")
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }
  r := csv.NewReader(csvIn)

  // setup writer
  csvOut, err := os.Create("./where/to/write/resultsfile.csv"))
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal("Unable to open output")
  }
  w := csv.NewWriter(csvOut)
  defer csvOut.Close()

  // handle header
  rec, err := r.Read()
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }
  rec = append(rec, "score")
  if err = w.Write(rec); err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
  }

  for {
    rec, err = r.Read()
    if err != nil {
      if err == io.EOF {
        break
      }
      log.Fatal(err)
    }

    // get float value
    value := rec[1]
    floatValue, err := strconv.ParseFloat(value, 64)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatal("Record, error: %v, %v", value, err)
    }

    // calculate scores; THIS EXTERNAL METHOD CANNOT BE CHANGED
    score := calculateStuff(floatValue)

    scoreString := strconv.FormatFloat(score, 'f', 8, 64)
    rec = append(rec, scoreString)

    if err = w.Write(rec); err != nil {
      log.Fatal(err)
    }
  w.Flush()
  }
}

当然注意逻辑是全部卡住的main(),更好的是将它分成几个函数,但这超出了这个问题的范围.