获取与c#中的ProcessStartInfo一起使用的可用动词(文件关联)列表

Question

我正在尝试使用ProcessStartInfo类打开和打印文件.(文件可以是任何东西,但我们假设它是一个PDF文件)

  ProcessStartInfo pi = new ProcessStartInfo(file);
  pi.Arguments = Path.GetFileName(file);
  pi.WorkingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(file);
  pi.Verb = "OPEN";  
  Process.Start(pi);

这适用于pi.Verb = "OPEN";.一些应用程序也使用动词"PRINT"注册自己,但只有一些应用程序注册.在我的情况下(Windows PDF Viewer)我尝试执行时遇到异常pi.Verb = "PRINT";

有没有办法在运行时查看C#中特定类型的所有动词？

多谢

Answer 1

该ProcessStartInfo.Verbs属性有点破碎,因为它没有考虑更新版本的Windows(Windows 8及更高版本)如何检索已注册的应用程序.该属性仅检查为其下定义的ProgId注册的动词HKCR\.ext(如参考源中所示),并且不考虑其他位置,例如注册表项下方HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\FileExts\.ext或某些其他位置,例如通过策略定义.

获取注册动词

最好的方法是不依赖于直接检查注册表(由ProcessStartInfo类完成),而是使用适当的Windows API函数AssocQueryString来检索关联的ProgId:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Win32;

class Program
{
    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string fileName = @"E:\Pictures\Sample.jpg";
        string progId = AssocQueryString(AssocStr.ASSOCSTR_PROGID, fileName);

        var verbs = GetVerbsByProgId(progId);

        if (!verbs.Contains("printto"))
        {
            throw new Exception("PrintTo is not supported!");
        }

    }

    private static string[] GetVerbsByProgId(string progId)
    {
        var verbs = new List<string>();

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(progId))
        {
            using (var key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(progId + "\\shell"))
            {
                if (key != null)
                {
                    var names = key.GetSubKeyNames();
                    verbs.AddRange(
                        names.Where(
                            name => 
                                string.Compare(
                                    name, 
                                    "new", 
                                    StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                != 0));
                }
            }
        }

        return verbs.ToArray();
    }

    private static string AssocQueryString(AssocStr association, string extension)
    {
        uint length = 0;
        uint ret = AssocQueryString(
            AssocF.ASSOCF_NONE, association, extension, "printto", null, ref length);
        if (ret != 1) //expected S_FALSE
        {
            throw new Win32Exception();
        }

        var sb = new StringBuilder((int)length);
        ret = AssocQueryString(
            AssocF.ASSOCF_NONE, association, extension, null, sb, ref length);
        if (ret != 0) //expected S_OK
        {
            throw new Win32Exception();
        }

        return sb.ToString();
    }

    [DllImport("Shlwapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern uint AssocQueryString(
        AssocF flags,
        AssocStr str,
        string pszAssoc,
        string pszExtra,
        [Out] StringBuilder pszOut,
        ref uint pcchOut);

    [Flags]
    private enum AssocF : uint
    {
        ASSOCF_NONE = 0x00000000,
        ASSOCF_INIT_NOREMAPCLSID = 0x00000001,
        ASSOCF_INIT_BYEXENAME = 0x00000002,
        ASSOCF_OPEN_BYEXENAME = 0x00000002,
        ASSOCF_INIT_DEFAULTTOSTAR = 0x00000004,
        ASSOCF_INIT_DEFAULTTOFOLDER = 0x00000008,
        ASSOCF_NOUSERSETTINGS = 0x00000010,
        ASSOCF_NOTRUNCATE = 0x00000020,
        ASSOCF_VERIFY = 0x00000040,
        ASSOCF_REMAPRUNDLL = 0x00000080,
        ASSOCF_NOFIXUPS = 0x00000100,
        ASSOCF_IGNOREBASECLASS = 0x00000200,
        ASSOCF_INIT_IGNOREUNKNOWN = 0x00000400,
        ASSOCF_INIT_FIXED_PROGID = 0x00000800,
        ASSOCF_IS_PROTOCOL = 0x00001000,
        ASSOCF_INIT_FOR_FILE = 0x00002000
    }

    private enum AssocStr
    {
        ASSOCSTR_COMMAND = 1,
        ASSOCSTR_EXECUTABLE,
        ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYDOCNAME,
        ASSOCSTR_FRIENDLYAPPNAME,
        ASSOCSTR_NOOPEN,
        ASSOCSTR_SHELLNEWVALUE,
        ASSOCSTR_DDECOMMAND,
        ASSOCSTR_DDEIFEXEC,
        ASSOCSTR_DDEAPPLICATION,
        ASSOCSTR_DDETOPIC,
        ASSOCSTR_INFOTIP,
        ASSOCSTR_QUICKTIP,
        ASSOCSTR_TILEINFO,
        ASSOCSTR_CONTENTTYPE,
        ASSOCSTR_DEFAULTICON,
        ASSOCSTR_SHELLEXTENSION,
        ASSOCSTR_DROPTARGET,
        ASSOCSTR_DELEGATEEXECUTE,
        ASSOCSTR_SUPPORTED_URI_PROTOCOLS,
        ASSOCSTR_PROGID,
        ASSOCSTR_APPID,
        ASSOCSTR_APPPUBLISHER,
        ASSOCSTR_APPICONREFERENCE,
        ASSOCSTR_MAX
    }
}

Answer 2

来自 MSDN：https : //msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/65kczb9y(v= vs.110).aspx ? cs-save-lang =1& cs-lang = csharp#code- snippet-2

 startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo(fileName);

    if (File.Exists(fileName))
    {
        i = 0;
        foreach (String verb in startInfo.Verbs)
        {
            // Display the possible verbs.
            Console.WriteLine("  {0}. {1}", i.ToString(), verb);
            i++;
        }
    }