如何在 MacBook 键盘上点击（钩住）F7 到 F12 以及电源/弹出

Question

如何在 MacBook 键盘上点击（钩住）F7 到 F12 以及电源/弹出

P i*_*P i 5 macos tap objective-c keyboard-events

到目前为止，我可以使用以下方式点击修饰键和大多数其他键：

    _eventTap = CGEventTapCreate( kCGHIDEventTap, 
                                  kCGHeadInsertEventTap,
                                  kCGEventTapOptionDefault,
                                       CGEventMaskBit( kCGEventKeyDown )
                                     | CGEventMaskBit( kCGEventFlagsChanged )
                                     ,
                                  (CGEventTapCallBack)_tapCallback,
                                  (__bridge void *)(self));

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值得注意的是，在采取行动之前F3正确报告键码 (160) 。即我可以通过让事件处理程序返回 NULL 来禁用该操作（从而无法传播事件）。

但是，F7 到 F12 和弹出/电源不会触发回调。

如果我添加：

| CGEventMaskBit( NSSystemDefined )
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...现在剩余的 Fx 键确实会触发回调（尽管 Power/Eject 仍然不会），但我无法访问事件的 keyCode 方法。

它会产生一个错误：

2015-05-21 12:30:02.044 tap_k[16532:698660] NSSystemDefined: 0 2015-05-21 12:30:02.044 tap_k[16532:698660] * 在 -[NSEvent keyCode]、/SourceCache/AppKit/ 中断言失败AppKit-1347.57/AppKit.subproj/NSEvent.m:2471 2015-05-21 12:30:02.045 tap_k[16532:698660] *由于未捕获的异常“NSInternalInconsistencyException”而终止应用程序，原因：“发送到事件“NSEvent 的消息无效” : 类型=SysDefined loc=(882,687) 时间=118943.3 标志=0 win=0x0 winNum=0 ctxt=0x0 子类型=8 data1=2560 data2=-1"'

所以要么：
（1）我需要一些其他方式从 NSEvent 中提取一些唯一标识符，或者
（2）我需要在较低级别点击/挂钩。

使用 (1)，我注意到 NSEvent 有一个 data1 属性。以十六进制记录它给出：

2015-05-21 12:40:05.428 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 140b00 2015-05-21 12:40:06.914 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 100a00 2015-05-21 12:40:06.992 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 100b00 2015-05-21 12:40:07.600 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 130a00 2015-05-21 12:40:07.690 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 130b00 2015-05-21 12:40:08.219 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 70a00 2015-05-21 12:40:08.277 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 70b00 2015-05-21 12:40:09.062 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 10a00 2015-05-21 12:40:09.186 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: 10b00 2015-05-21 12:40:09.637 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: a00 2015-05-21 12:40:09.726 tap_k[16576:704298] NSSystemDefined: b00
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.. 当我按下/按下 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 时。

（此外，最后一个值会更改为 1 以表示重复）。

所以我想我可以只吃具有这些值的事件，并传递其他 NSSystemDefined 事件。

而且还是没有解决捕获Eject/Power的问题。

但有没有更干净/更好的方法呢？

如果有人有兴趣玩一下，这里是完整的代码：

// compile and run from the commandline with: // clang -fobjc-arc -framework Cocoa ./foo.m -o foo // sudo ./foo #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <AppKit/NSEvent.h> typedef CFMachPortRef EventTap; // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - @interface KeyChanger : NSObject { @private EventTap _eventTap; CFRunLoopSourceRef _runLoopSource; CGEventRef _lastEvent; } @end // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CGEventRef _tapCallback( CGEventTapProxy proxy, CGEventType type, CGEventRef event, KeyChanger* listener ); // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - @implementation KeyChanger - (BOOL)tapEvents { if (!_eventTap) { NSLog(@"Initializing an event tap."); // kCGHeadInsertEventTap -- new event tap should be inserted before any pre-existing event taps at the same location, _eventTap = CGEventTapCreate( kCGHIDEventTap, // kCGSessionEventTap, kCGHeadInsertEventTap, kCGEventTapOptionDefault, CGEventMaskBit( kCGEventKeyDown ) | CGEventMaskBit( kCGEventFlagsChanged ) | CGEventMaskBit( NSSystemDefined ) , (CGEventTapCallBack)_tapCallback, (__bridge void *)(self)); if (!_eventTap) { NSLog(@"unable to create event tap. must run as root or " "add privlidges for assistive devices to this app."); return NO; } } CGEventTapEnable(_eventTap, TRUE); return [self isTapActive]; } - (BOOL)isTapActive { return CGEventTapIsEnabled(_eventTap); } - (void)listen { if( ! _runLoopSource ) { if( _eventTap ) { //dont use [self tapActive] _runLoopSource = CFMachPortCreateRunLoopSource( kCFAllocatorDefault, _eventTap, 0); // Add to the current run loop. CFRunLoopAddSource( CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), _runLoopSource, kCFRunLoopCommonModes); NSLog(@"Registering event tap as run loop source."); CFRunLoopRun(); }else{ NSLog(@"No Event tap in place! You will need to call " "listen after tapEvents to get events."); } } } - (CGEventRef)processEvent:(CGEventRef)cgEvent { NSEvent* event = [NSEvent eventWithCGEvent:cgEvent]; NSUInteger modifiers = [event modifierFlags] & (NSCommandKeyMask | NSAlternateKeyMask | NSShiftKeyMask | NSControlKeyMask); enum { kVK_ANSI_3 = 0x14, }; switch( event.type ) { case NSFlagsChanged: NSLog(@"NSFlagsChanged: %d", event.keyCode); break; case NSSystemDefined: NSLog(@"NSSystemDefined: %x", event.data1); return NULL; case kCGEventKeyDown: NSLog(@"KeyDown: %d", event.keyCode); break; default: NSLog(@"WTF"); } // TODO: add other cases and do proper handling of case if ( //[event.characters caseInsensitiveCompare:@"3"] == NSOrderedSame event.keyCode == kVK_ANSI_3 && modifiers == NSShiftKeyMask ) { NSLog(@"Got SHIFT+3"); event = [NSEvent keyEventWithType: event.type location: NSZeroPoint modifierFlags: event.modifierFlags & ! NSShiftKeyMask timestamp: event.timestamp windowNumber: event.windowNumber context: event.context characters: @"#" charactersIgnoringModifiers: @"#" isARepeat: event.isARepeat keyCode: event.keyCode]; } _lastEvent = [event CGEvent]; CFRetain(_lastEvent); // must retain the event. will be released by the system return _lastEvent; } - (void)dealloc { if( _runLoopSource ) { CFRunLoopRemoveSource( CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), _runLoopSource, kCFRunLoopCommonModes ); CFRelease( _runLoopSource ); } if( _eventTap ) { //kill the event tap CGEventTapEnable( _eventTap, FALSE ); CFRelease( _eventTap ); } } @end // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CGEventRef _tapCallback( CGEventTapProxy proxy, CGEventType type, CGEventRef event, KeyChanger* listener ) { //Do not make the NSEvent here. //NSEvent will throw an exception if we try to make an event from the tap timout type @autoreleasepool { if( type == kCGEventTapDisabledByTimeout ) { NSLog(@"event tap has timed out, re-enabling tap"); [listener tapEvents]; return nil; } if( type != kCGEventTapDisabledByUserInput ) { return [listener processEvent:event]; } } return event; } // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { @autoreleasepool { KeyChanger* keyChanger = [KeyChanger new]; [keyChanger tapEvents]; [keyChanger listen];//blocking call. } return 0; }
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Answer 1

P i*_*P i 1

这就进行了一半。它打印出每个键的扫描码。它确实可以用 ObjC/ARC 重写来整理保留/释放线轴。

有人想尝试一下吗？

我已经从使用 IOHIDManager 获取修改器按键事件中提取了代码

// compile and run from the commandline with:
//    clang  -framework coreFoundation  -framework IOKit  ./HID.c  -o hid
//    sudo ./hid

// This code works with the IOHID library to get notified of keys.
//   Still haven't figured out how to truly intercept with
//   substitution.

#include <IOKit/hid/IOHIDValue.h>
#include <IOKit/hid/IOHIDManager.h>

void myHIDKeyboardCallback( void* context,  IOReturn result,  void* sender,  IOHIDValueRef value )
{
    IOHIDElementRef elem = IOHIDValueGetElement( value );

    if (IOHIDElementGetUsagePage(elem) != 0x07)
        return;

    uint32_t scancode = IOHIDElementGetUsage( elem );

    if (scancode < 4 || scancode > 231)
        return;

    long pressed = IOHIDValueGetIntegerValue( value );

    printf( "scancode: %d, pressed: %ld\n", scancode, pressed );
}


CFMutableDictionaryRef myCreateDeviceMatchingDictionary( UInt32 usagePage,  UInt32 usage )
{
    CFMutableDictionaryRef dict = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(
                                                            kCFAllocatorDefault, 0
                                                        , & kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks
                                                        , & kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks );
    if ( ! dict )
        return NULL;

    CFNumberRef pageNumberRef = CFNumberCreate( kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, & usagePage );
    if ( ! pageNumberRef ) {
        CFRelease( dict );
        return NULL;
    }

    CFDictionarySetValue( dict, CFSTR(kIOHIDDeviceUsagePageKey), pageNumberRef );
    CFRelease( pageNumberRef );

    CFNumberRef usageNumberRef = CFNumberCreate( kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, & usage );

    if ( ! usageNumberRef ) {
        CFRelease( dict );
        return NULL;
    }

    CFDictionarySetValue( dict, CFSTR(kIOHIDDeviceUsageKey), usageNumberRef );
    CFRelease( usageNumberRef );

    return dict;
}


int main(void)
{
    IOHIDManagerRef hidManager = IOHIDManagerCreate( kCFAllocatorDefault, kIOHIDOptionsTypeNone );

    CFArrayRef matches;
    {
        CFMutableDictionaryRef keyboard = myCreateDeviceMatchingDictionary( 0x01, 6 );
        CFMutableDictionaryRef keypad   = myCreateDeviceMatchingDictionary( 0x01, 7 );

        CFMutableDictionaryRef matchesList[] = { keyboard, keypad };

        matches = CFArrayCreate( kCFAllocatorDefault, (const void **)matchesList, 2, NULL );
    }

    IOHIDManagerSetDeviceMatchingMultiple( hidManager, matches );

    IOHIDManagerRegisterInputValueCallback( hidManager, myHIDKeyboardCallback, NULL );

    IOHIDManagerScheduleWithRunLoop( hidManager, CFRunLoopGetMain(), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode );

    IOHIDManagerOpen( hidManager, kIOHIDOptionsTypeNone );

    CFRunLoopRun(); // spins
}

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