rake test无法运行,因为'guard'无法加载

Question

我是rails的初学者,我正在通过Hartl的rails教程.我已经到了第3章我们运行的那一点

捆绑执行耙试验

首次.我收到这个错误:

$ bundle exec rake test
/Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/minitest-5.6.0/lib/minitest.rb:91:in `block in load_plugins'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/minitest-5.6.0/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `each'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/minitest-5.6.0/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `load_plugins'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/minitest-5.6.0/lib/minitest.rb:114:in `run'
    from /Users/J/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.2/gems/minitest-5.6.0/lib/minitest.rb:56:in `block in autorun'

但是,安装了防护装置:

$ irb
2.2.2 :001 > require 'guard'
 => true
2.2.2 :002 >

我的Gemfile:

source 'https://rubygems.org'


# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.2.1'
# Use postgresql as the database for Active Record
gem 'pg'
# Use SCSS for stylesheets
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
# Use Uglifier as compressor for JavaScript assets
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
# Use CoffeeScript for .coffee assets and views
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
# See https://github.com/rails/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', platforms: :ruby

# Use jquery as the JavaScript library
gem 'jquery-rails'
# Turbolinks makes following links in your web application faster. Read more: https://github.com/rails/turbolinks
gem 'turbolinks'
# Build JSON APIs with ease. Read more: https://github.com/rails/jbuilder
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
# bundle exec rake doc:rails generates the API under doc/api.
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc

# Use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt', '~> 3.1.7'

# Use Unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'

# Use Capistrano for deployment
# gem 'capistrano-rails', group: :development

group :development, :test do
  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'

  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> in views
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'

  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
end

group :test do
  gem 'minitest-reporters'
  gem 'mini_backtrace'
  gem 'guard-minitest'
end

group :production do
  gem 'rails_12factor'
end

我在谷歌搜索类似的问题,但我找不到任何有用的东西.有人知道我做错了什么吗？

Answer 1

Guard-Minitest的自述文件:

在继续之前,请务必安装Guard.

安装Guard :: Minitest最简单的方法是使用Bundler.

将Guard :: Minitest添加到您的Gemfile:

group :development do
  gem 'guard' # NOTE: this is necessary in newer versions
  gem 'guard-minitest'
end

我不得不改变我的Gemfile:

group :test do
  gem 'minitest-reporters'
  gem 'mini_backtrace'
  gem 'guard'
  gem 'guard-minitest'
end