你如何使用python浏览目录？

Question

我有一个名为notes的文件夹,它们自然会被分类到文件夹中,在这些文件夹中也会有子类别的子文件夹.现在我的问题是我有一个功能,遍历3个级别的子目录:

def obtainFiles(path):
      list_of_files = {}
      for element in os.listdir(path):
          # if the element is an html file then..
          if element[-5:] == ".html":
              list_of_files[element] = path + "/" + element
          else: # element is a folder therefore a category
              category = os.path.join(path, element)
              # go through the category dir
              for element_2 in os.listdir(category):
                  dir_level_2 = os.path.join(path,element + "/" + element_2)
                  if element_2[-5:] == ".html":
                      print "- found file: " + element_2
                      # add the file to the list of files
                      list_of_files[element_2] = dir_level_2
                  elif os.path.isdir(element_2):
                      subcategory = dir_level_2
                      # go through the subcategory dir
                      for element_3 in os.listdir(subcategory):
                          subcategory_path = subcategory + "/" + element_3
                        if subcategory_path[-5:] == ".html":
                            print "- found file: " + element_3
                            list_of_files[element_3] = subcategory_path
                        else:
                            for element_4 in os.listdir(subcategory_path):
                                 print "- found file:" + element_4

请注意,这仍然是一项正在进行中的工作.它在我眼中非常丑陋......我在这里想要实现的是通过所有文件夹和子文件夹将所有文件名放在名为"list_of_files"的字典中,名称为"key",并且完整路径为"价值".该函数还没有完全正常工作,但是想知道如何使用os.walk函数来做类似的事情？

谢谢

Answer 1

根据您的简短描述,这样的事情应该有效:

list_of_files = {}
for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in os.walk(path):
    for filename in filenames:
        if filename.endswith('.html'): 
            list_of_files[filename] = os.sep.join([dirpath, filename])

Answer 2

另一种方法是使用生成器，以@ig0774 的代码为基础

import os
def walk_through_files(path, file_extension='.html'):
   for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in os.walk(path):
      for filename in filenames:
         if filename.endswith(file_extension): 
            yield os.path.join(dirpath, filename)

进而

for fname in walk_through_files():
    print(fname)