弹簧测试@async方法

Question

我正在尝试测试@AsyncSpring的注释是否在我的项目中按预期工作.但事实并非如此.

我有这个测试:

 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(classes = GlobalConfiguration.class)
    public class ActivityMessageListenerTest {

    @Autowired
    private ActivityMessageListener activityMessageListener;

    private Long USER_ID = 1l;
    private Long COMPANY_ID = 2l;
    private Date DATE = new Date(10000000);
    private String CLASSNAME = "className";
    private Long CLASSPK = 14l;
    private Integer TYPE = 22;
    private String EXTRA_DATA = "extra";
    private Long RECIVED_USER_ID = 99l;

    @Before
    public void setup() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void testDoReceiveWithException() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Current thread " +      Thread.currentThread().getName());
        Map<String, Object> values = new HashMap();
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_USER_ID, USER_ID);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_COMPANY_ID, COMPANY_ID);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CREATE_DATE, DATE);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CLASS_NAME, CLASSNAME);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CLASS_PK, CLASSPK);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_TYPE, TYPE);
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_EXTRA_DATA, EXTRA_DATA );
        values.put(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_RECEIVED_USER_ID, RECIVED_USER_ID);

        Message message = new Message();
        message.setValues(values);
        MessageBusUtil.sendMessage(MKTDestinationNames.ACTIVITY_REGISTRY,      message);

    }
}

如您所见,我正在打印当前线程的名称.包含该@Async方法的类是:

 public class ActivityMessageListener extends BaseMessageListener {

    public static final String PARAM_USER_ID                = "userId";
    public static final String PARAM_COMPANY_ID             = "companyId";
    public static final String PARAM_CREATE_DATE            = "createDate";
    public static final String PARAM_CLASS_NAME             = "className";
    public static final String PARAM_CLASS_PK               = "classPK";
    public static final String PARAM_TYPE                   = "type";
    public static final String PARAM_EXTRA_DATA             = "extraData";
    public static final String PARAM_RECEIVED_USER_ID       = "receiverUserId";

    public ActivityMessageListener() {
        MessageBusUtil.addQueue(MKTDestinationNames.ACTIVITY_REGISTRY, this);
    }

    @Override
    @Async(value = "activityExecutor")
    public void doReceive(Message message) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("Current " + Thread.currentThread().getName());

        if (1> 0)
            throw new RuntimeException("lalal");
        Map<String, Object> parameters  = message.getValues();
        Long userId                     = (Long)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_USER_ID);
        Long companyId                  = (Long)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_COMPANY_ID);
        Date createDate                 = (Date)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CREATE_DATE);
        String className                = (String)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CLASS_NAME);
        Long classPK                    = (Long)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_CLASS_PK);
        Integer type                    = (Integer)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_TYPE);
        String extraData                = (String)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_EXTRA_DATA);
        Long receiverUserId             = (Long)parameters.get(ActivityMessageListener.PARAM_RECEIVED_USER_ID);
        ActivityLocalServiceUtil.addActivity(userId, companyId, createDate, className, classPK, type, extraData, receiverUserId);
    }

}

这里我打印@Async方法内部当前线程的名称,名称与之前相同,为main.所以它不起作用.

GlobalConfiguration是:

@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan({
        "com.shn.configurations",
...some packages...
})
public class GlobalConfiguration {...}

在其中一个指定的包中有activityExecutor bean:

@Configuration
@EnableAsync(proxyTargetClass = true)
public class ExecutorConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public ActivityMessageListener activityMessageListener() {
        return new ActivityMessageListener();
    }

    @Bean
    public TaskExecutor activityExecutor()
    {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor threadPoolTaskExecutor = 
        new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(10);
        threadPoolTaskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(100);

        return threadPoolTaskExecutor;
    }
}

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

棘手。

异步行为是通过代理添加的。

Spring 为您提供了一个代理，它包装实际的对象并在单独的线程中执行实际的调用。

它看起来像这样（除了大部分是使用 CGLIB 或 JDK 代理和 Spring 处理程序动态完成的）

class ProxyListener extends ActivityMessageListener {
    private ActivityMessageListener real;
    public ProxyListener(ActivityMessageListener real) {
        this.real = real;
    }
    TaskExecutor executor; // injected
    @Override
    public void doReceive(Message message) throws Exception {
        executor.submit(() -> real.doReceive(message)); // in another thread
    }
}

ActivityMessageListener real = new ActivityMessageListener();
ProxyListener proxy = new ProxyListener(real);

现在，在 Spring 世界中，您将拥有对对象的引用proxy，而不是对ActivityMessageListener. 那是

ActivityMessageListener proxy = applicationContext.getBean(ActivityMessageListener.class);

将返回对 的引用ProxyListener。然后，通过多态性，调用doReceive将转到重写Proxy#doReceive方法，该方法将调用ActivityMessageListener#doReceive，并且您将获得异步行为。

然而，你正处在半个春天的世界里。

这里

public ActivityMessageListener() {
    MessageBusUtil.addQueue(MKTDestinationNames.ACTIVITY_REGISTRY, this);
}

该引用this实际上指的是真实的ActivityMessageListener，而不是代理。所以当你在公共汽车上发送消息时

MessageBusUtil.sendMessage(MKTDestinationNames.ACTIVITY_REGISTRY,      message);

您将其发送到真实对象，该对象不具有代理异步行为。

完整的 Spring 解决方案是让 MessabeBus（和/或其队列）成为 Spring beans，您可以在其中注入完整的进程（代理、自动装配、初始化）bean。

实际上，由于 CGLIB 代理实际上只是类型的子类，因此ProxyListener上面的内容实际上也会将其自身添加到总线，因为super构造函数将被调用。似乎只有一个人MessageListener可以使用密钥注册自己，例如MKTDestinationNames.ACTIVITY_REGISTRY. 如果情况并非如此，您就必须显示更多该代码以进行解释。

在你的测试中，如果你这样做

activityMessageListener.doReceive(message);

您应该看到异步行为，因为activityMessageListener应该保存对代理的引用。