用 re.sub 替换命名捕获组

mar*_*eau 7 python regex substitution

我想替换字符串中匹配的 re 模式的文本,并且可以使用re.sub(). 如果我将一个函数作为repl调用中的参数传递给它,它会按需要工作,如下图所示:

from __future__ import print_function
import re

pattern = r'(?P<text>.*?)(?:<(?P<tag>\w+)>(?P<content>.*)</(?P=tag)>|$)'

my_str = "Here's some <first>sample stuff</first> in the " \
            "<second>middle</second> of some other text."

def replace(m):
    return ''.join(map(lambda v: v if v else '',
                        map(m.group, ('text', 'content'))))

cleaned = re.sub(pattern, replace, my_str)
print('cleaned: {!r}'.format(cleaned))
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输出:

from __future__ import print_function
import re

pattern = r'(?P<text>.*?)(?:<(?P<tag>\w+)>(?P<content>.*)</(?P=tag)>|$)'

my_str = "Here's some <first>sample stuff</first> in the " \
            "<second>middle</second> of some other text."

def replace(m):
    return ''.join(map(lambda v: v if v else '',
                        map(m.group, ('text', 'content'))))

cleaned = re.sub(pattern, replace, my_str)
print('cleaned: {!r}'.format(cleaned))
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然而,从文档中,听起来我应该能够通过向它传递一个替换字符串来获得相同的结果,其中包含对其中命名组的引用。然而,我这样做的尝试没有奏效,因为有时一个组是不匹配的,并且为它返回的值是None(而不是空字符串'')。

cleaned = re.sub(pattern, r'\g<text>\g<content>', my_str)
print('cleaned: {!r}'.format(cleaned))
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输出:

cleaned: "Here's some sample stuff in the middle of some other text."
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我做错了什么或不理解?

vks*_*vks 6

def repl(matchobj):
    if matchobj.group(3):
        return matchobj.group(1)+matchobj.group(3)
    else:
        return matchobj.group(1)

my_str = "Here's some <first>sample stuff</first> in the " \
        "<second>middle</second> of some other text."

pattern = r'(?P<text>.*?)(?:<(?P<tag>\w+)>(?P<content>.*)</(?P=tag)>|$)'
print re.sub(pattern, repl, my_str)
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您可以使用 的调用功能re.sub。

编辑: cleaned = re.sub(pattern, r'\g<text>\g<content>', my_str)当字符串的最后一位匹配时,这将不起作用,即of some other text.有\g<text>定义但没有,\g<content>因为没有内容。但你仍然要求re.sub这样做。所以它会产生错误。如果你使用字符串,"Here's some <first>sample stuff</first> in the <second>middle</second>"那么你print re.sub(pattern,r"\g<text>\g<content>", my_str)将工作\g<content>在这里一直被定义。