python - 列出函数的所有内部函数？

Question

在python中,您可以fname.__code__.co_names检索函数引用的函数列表和全局事物.如果我这样做fname.__code__.co_varnames,这包括内在功能,我相信.

有没有办法基本上做inner.__code__.co_names？从一个看起来像的字符串开始'inner',如返回co_varnames？

Answer 1

在 Python 3.4+ 中，您可以使用dis.get_instructions. 为了也支持嵌套函数，您需要递归地遍历遇到的每个代码对象：

import dis
import types

def get_names(f):
    ins = dis.get_instructions(f)
    for x in ins:
        try:
            if x.opcode == 100 and '<locals>' in next(ins).argval\
                                              and next(ins).opcode == 132:
                yield next(ins).argrepr
                yield from get_names(x.argval)
        except Exception:
            pass

演示：

def func():
    x = 1
    y = 2
    print ('foo')
    class A:
        def method(self):
            pass
    def f1():
        z = 3
        print ('bar')
        def f2():
            a = 4
            def f3():
                b = [1, 2, 3]
    def f4():
        pass

print(list(get_names(func)))

输出：

['f1', 'f2', 'f3', 'f4']

Answer 2

我认为您无法检查代码对象，因为内部函数是惰性的，并且它们的代码对象只是及时创建的。您可能想查看的是 ast 模块。这是一个简单的例子：

import ast, inspect

# this is the test scenario
def function1():
    f1_var1 = 42
    def function2():
        f2_var1 = 42
        f2_var2 = 42
        def function3():
            f3_var1 = 42

# derive source code for top-level function
src = inspect.getsource(function1)

# derive abstract syntax tree rooted at top-level function
node = ast.parse(src)

# next, ast's walk method takes all the difficulty out of tree-traversal for us
for x in ast.walk(node):
    # functions have names whereas variables have ids,
    # nested-classes may all use different terminology
    # you'll have to look at the various node-types to
    # get this part exactly right
    name_or_id = getattr(x,'name', getattr(x,'id',None))
    if name_or_id:
        print name_or_id

结果为：function1、function2、f1_var1、function3、f2_var1、f2_var2、f3_var1。强制性免责声明：做这种事情可能没有充分的理由..但是玩得开心:)

哦，如果您只想要内部函数的名称？

print dict([[x.name,x] for x in ast.walk(ast.parse(inspect.getsource(some_function))) if type(x).__name__=='FunctionDef'])