GCC 在模板化父类中调用静态模板函数的问题

Question

我有一些代码可以在 MSVC++ 上编译和运行，但不能在 GCC 上编译。我制作了一个测试片段如下。我的目标是将静态方法从 BFSMask 移至 BFSMaskSized。有人可以解释一下错误发生了什么（特别是奇怪的“operator<”错误）吗？谢谢。

如果两个 #define 都为 0，则代码可以在 GCC 上编译。

#define DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC     0
#define FUNCTION_IN_PARENT          0

如果将 #define 更改为 1，则会出现错误。以下是我看到的错误。

#define DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC     0
#define FUNCTION_IN_PARENT          1
Test.cpp: In static member function 'static typename Snapper::BFSMask<T>::T_Parent::T_SINT Snapper::BFSMask<T>::Create_NEZ(TCMP)':
Test.cpp(492): error: 'CreateMaskFromHighBitSized' was not declared in this scope

#define DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC     1
#define FUNCTION_IN_PARENT          0
Test.cpp: In static member function 'static typename Snapper::BFSMask<T>::T_Parent::T_SINT Snapper::BFSMask<T>::Create_NEZ(TCMP) [with TCMP = int, T = int]':
Test.cpp(500):   instantiated from 'TVAL Snapper::BFWrappedInc(TVAL, TVAL, TVAL) [with TVAL = int]'
Test.cpp(508):   instantiated from here
Test.cpp(490): error: invalid operands of types '<unresolved overloaded function type>' and 'unsigned int' to binary 'operator<'

#define DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC     1
#define FUNCTION_IN_PARENT          1
Test.cpp: In static member function 'static typename Snapper::BFSMask<T>::T_Parent::T_SINT Snapper::BFSMask<T>::Create_NEZ(TCMP) [with TCMP = int, T = int]':
Test.cpp(500):   instantiated from 'TVAL Snapper::BFWrappedInc(TVAL, TVAL, TVAL) [with TVAL = int]'
Test.cpp(508):   instantiated from here
Test.cpp(490): error: invalid operands of types '<unresolved overloaded function type>' and 'unsigned int' to binary 'operator<'

这是代码

namespace Snapper
{
#define DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC     0
#define FUNCTION_IN_PARENT          0

    // MASK TYPES
    // NEZ  - Not Equal to Zero
    #define BFSMASK_NEZ(A)      ( ( A ) | ( 0 - A ) )
    #define BFSELECT_MASK(MASK,VTRUE,VFALSE)    ( ((MASK)&(VTRUE)) | ((~(MASK))&(VFALSE)) )
    template<typename TVAL> TVAL BFSelect_MASK(TVAL MASK,TVAL VTRUE,TVAL VFALSE)
    { return(BFSELECT_MASK(MASK,VTRUE,VFALSE)); }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Branch Free Helpers

    template<int BYTESIZE> struct BFSMaskBase {};
    template<> struct BFSMaskBase<2>
    {
        typedef UINT16  T_UINT;
        typedef SINT16  T_SINT;
    };
    template<> struct BFSMaskBase<4>
    {
        typedef UINT32  T_UINT;
        typedef SINT32  T_SINT;
    };
    template<int BYTESIZE> struct BFSMaskSized : public BFSMaskBase<BYTESIZE>
    {
        static const int SizeBytes      = BYTESIZE;
        static const int SizeBits       = SizeBytes*8;
        static const int MaskShift      = SizeBits-1;
        typedef typename BFSMaskBase<BYTESIZE>::T_UINT      T_UINT;
        typedef typename BFSMaskBase<BYTESIZE>::T_SINT      T_SINT;

#if FUNCTION_IN_PARENT
        template<int N> static T_SINT CreateMaskFromHighBitSized(typename BFSMaskBase<N>::T_SINT inmask);
#endif
    };

    template<typename T> struct BFSMask : public BFSMaskSized<sizeof(T)>
    {
        //  BFSMask = -1 (all bits set)

        typedef BFSMask<T>                      T_This;
        // "Import" the Parent Class
        typedef BFSMaskSized<sizeof(T)>         T_Parent;
        typedef typename T_Parent::T_SINT       T_SINT;

#if FUNCTION_IN_PARENT
        typedef T_Parent    T_MaskGen;
#else
        typedef T_This      T_MaskGen;
        template<int N> static T_SINT CreateMaskFromHighBitSized(typename BFSMaskSized<N>::T_SINT inmask);
#endif

        template<typename TCMP> static T_SINT Create_NEZ(TCMP A)
        {
            //ReDefineType(const typename BFSMask<TCMP>::T_SINT,SA,A);
            //const typename BFSMask<TCMP>::T_SINT cmpmask = BFSMASK_NEZ(SA);
            const typename BFSMask<TCMP>::T_SINT cmpmask = BFSMASK_NEZ(A);
#if DOESNT_COMPILE_WITH_GCC
            return(T_MaskGen::CreateMaskFromHighBitSized<sizeof(TCMP)>(cmpmask));
#else
            return(CreateMaskFromHighBitSized<sizeof(TCMP)>(cmpmask));
#endif
        }
    };

    template<typename TVAL> TVAL BFWrappedInc(TVAL x,TVAL minval,TVAL maxval)
    {
        const TVAL diff = maxval-x;
        const TVAL mask = BFSMask<TVAL>::Create_NEZ(diff);
        const TVAL incx = x + 1;
        return(BFSelect_MASK(mask,incx,minval));
    }

    SINT32 currentsnap = 0;
    SINT32 SetSnapshot()
    {
        currentsnap=BFWrappedInc<SINT32>(currentsnap,0,20);
        return(currentsnap);
    }
}

Answer 1

由于CreateMaskFromHighBitSized不依赖于类的模板参数，因此它不是依赖名称，并且编译器希望在不查看模板化基类的情况下找到它。因此T_MaskGen::必须指定该函数是否应该在基类中找到。

当名称被显式限定时，因为T_MaskGen::CreateMaskFromHighBitSized编译器并不明显知道这始终是模板。template必须使用关键字来明确这一点（在这些情况下也经常使用同样的方式）typename：

return(T_MaskGen::template CreateMaskFromHighBitSized<sizeof(TCMP)>(cmpmask));

此版本的调用应该适用于 的两种定义FUNCTION_IN_PARENT。