使用 XmlReader 和 xsd.exe 中的类反序列化 Xml

Question

好的，我在学习 XmlSerializer 时遇到了一些障碍。我遵循了所有推荐的步骤，但我的程序没有返回任何内容，或者返回 null。我创建了一个 XML 文件，如下所示：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<WeeklyJobs>
   <DailyJobs Date = "02/03/2012"/>
  <DailyJobs Date = "02/04/2012" TotalJobs = "2">
    <Jobs>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
    </Jobs>
  </DailyJobs>
  <DailyJobs Date = "02/05/2012" TotalJobs = "1">
    <Jobs>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
    </Jobs>
  </DailyJobs>
  <DailyJobs Date = "02/06/2012" TotalJobs = "2">
    <Jobs>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
    </Jobs>
  </DailyJobs>
  <DailyJobs Date = "02/07/2012"/>
  <DailyJobs Date = "02/08/2012" TotalJobs = "2">
    <Jobs>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
      <Job JobName = "Job Name" Description = "Description"/>
    </Jobs>
  </DailyJobs>
</WeeklyJobs>

然后我使用 xsd.exe 来生成 .xsd 文件，它是：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema id="WeeklyJobs" xmlns="" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"     xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">
  <xs:element name="WeeklyJobs" msdata:IsDataSet="true" msdata:UseCurrentLocale="true">
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:element name="DailyJobs">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element name="Jobs" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                <xs:complexType>
                  <xs:sequence>
                    <xs:element name="Job" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
                      <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:attribute name="JobName" type="xs:string" />
                        <xs:attribute name="Description" type="xs:string" />
                      </xs:complexType>
                    </xs:element>
                  </xs:sequence>
                </xs:complexType>
              </xs:element>
            </xs:sequence>
            <xs:attribute name="Date" type="xs:string" />
            <xs:attribute name="TotalJobs" type="xs:string" />
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
      </xs:choice>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

创建架构后，我再次使用 xsd.exe 为我自动生成类，即：

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "2.0.50727.3038")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public partial class WeeklyJobs
{

    private WeeklyJobsDailyJobs[] itemsField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("DailyJobs", Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    public WeeklyJobsDailyJobs[] Items
    {
        get
        {
            return this.itemsField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.itemsField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "2.0.50727.3038")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class WeeklyJobsDailyJobs
{

    private WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob[][] jobsField;

    private string dateField;

    private string totalJobsField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArrayAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArrayItemAttribute("Job", typeof(WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, IsNullable = false)]
    public WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob[][] Jobs
    {
        get
        {
            return this.jobsField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.jobsField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string Date
    {
        get
        {
            return this.dateField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.dateField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string TotalJobs
    {
        get
        {
            return this.totalJobsField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.totalJobsField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "2.0.50727.3038")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob
{

    private string jobNameField;

    private string descriptionField;

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string JobName
    {
        get
        {
            return this.jobNameField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.jobNameField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
    public string Description
    {
        get
        {
            return this.descriptionField;
        }
        set
        {
            this.descriptionField = value;
        }
    }
}

在此之后，我将 .CS 文件添加到我的项目中，并创建了一个带有 TextBox 的简单 winform，以便在反序列化一些 xml 后显示一些数据。就像我说的，程序启动了，TextBox 中没有显示任何内容，也没有抛出异常。这是我的winform：

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

    }

    public string getExample()
    {
        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(WeeklyJobs));
        WeeklyJobs jobs;
        string xml = @"<?xml version = ""1.0""?>"
            + @"<WeeklyJobs>"
            + @"<DailyJobs Date = ""02/03/2012""/>"
            + @"<DailyJobs Date = ""02/04/2012"" TotalJobs = ""2"">"
            + @"<Jobs>"
            + @"<Job JobName = ""Job Name"" Description = ""Description""/>"
            + @"<Job JobName = ""Job Name"" Description = ""Description""/>"
            + @"</Jobs>"
            + @"</DailyJobs>"
            + @"</WeeklyJobs>";

        // Create an XmlTextReader
        using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(xml)))
        {
            jobs = (WeeklyJobs)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
        }

        return jobs.Items[0].Date;

    }

    private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        textBox1.Text = getExample();

    }


}

我有更简单的 xml 示例可以工作，但是第二次我尝试向我的 xml 添加一些复杂性时失败了。我必须弄清楚如何使用我在这里的 xml。我感谢您的帮助！谢谢大家！

Answer 1

好的，第一个问题是 XmlSerializer 构造函数引发了一个未处理的异常，但这不知何故被吞没了。这解释了为什么文本框是空的。我将调试器设置为中断所有 CLR 异常，并发现构造函数抛出了 InvalidOperationException —— 显然是在代码生成过程中：

无法生成临时类 (result=1)。

错误 CS0030：无法将类型“DeleteMe.WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJobsJob[]”转换为“DeleteMe.WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob”

错误 CS0029：无法将类型“DeleteMe.WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob”隐式转换为“DeleteMe.WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob[]”

（构造函数也抛出了 FileNotFound 异常，但它也会处理该异常，因此您可以忽略它。）

问题似乎是锯齿状数组——您是否将一维数组更改为锯齿状数组？当然，错误消息将我指向了那个方向，但我也从未在 xsd 生成的代码中看到过锯齿状数组，所以看起来很可疑。我更改了两次WeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob[][]toWeeklyJobsDailyJobsJobsJob[]并且应用程序运行良好。

顺便说一句，您应该使用DateTime日期，但 XML 序列化程序不支持可变日期格式（请参阅/sf/answers/78319881/）。如果您无法控制源，那么最好在将字符串存储到数据库或其他任何位置之前将它们转换为日期。