如何修复Hibernate LazyInitializationException:懒得初始化一组角色,无法初始化代理 - 没有Session

Question

在我的spring项目的自定义AuthenticationProvider中,我正在尝试读取已登录用户的权限列表,但我遇到以下错误:

org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.horariolivre.entity.Usuario.autorizacoes, could not initialize proxy - no Session
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:566)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.withTemporarySessionIfNeeded(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:186)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:545)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:124)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentBag.iterator(PersistentBag.java:266)
    at com.horariolivre.security.CustomAuthenticationProvider.authenticate(CustomAuthenticationProvider.java:45)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:156)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:177)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.attemptAuthentication(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.java:94)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:211)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:110)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
    at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:57)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:87)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:50)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:192)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:160)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:343)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:260)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1023)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)

从StackOberflow中的这里读取其他主题,我理解这是因为这种类型的属性由框架处理的方式,但我无法找到任何解决方案.有人可以指出我做错了什么以及我能做些什么来解决它？

我的Custom AuthenticationProvider的代码是:

@Component
public class CustomAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {

    @Autowired
    private UsuarioHome usuario;

    public CustomAuthenticationProvider() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("CustomAuthenticationProvider.authenticate");

        String username = authentication.getName();
        String password = authentication.getCredentials().toString();

        Usuario user = usuario.findByUsername(username);

        if (user != null) {
            if(user.getSenha().equals(password)) {
                List<AutorizacoesUsuario> list = user.getAutorizacoes();

                List <String> rolesAsList = new ArrayList<String>();
                for(AutorizacoesUsuario role : list){
                    rolesAsList.add(role.getAutorizacoes().getNome());
                }

                List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
                for (String role_name : rolesAsList) {
                    authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role_name));
                }

                Authentication auth = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password, authorities);
                return auth;
            }
            else {
                return null;
            }
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return authentication.equals(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.class);
    }

}

我的实体课程是:

UsuarioHome.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "usuario")
public class Usuario implements java.io.Serializable {

    private int id;
    private String login;
    private String senha;
    private String primeiroNome;
    private String ultimoNome;
    private List<TipoUsuario> tipoUsuarios = new ArrayList<TipoUsuario>();
    private List<AutorizacoesUsuario> autorizacoes = new ArrayList<AutorizacoesUsuario>();
    private List<DadosUsuario> dadosUsuarios = new ArrayList<DadosUsuario>();
    private ConfigHorarioLivre config;

    public Usuario() {
    }

    public Usuario(String login, String senha) {
        this.login = login;
        this.senha = senha;
    }

    public Usuario(String login, String senha, String primeiroNome, String ultimoNome, List<TipoUsuario> tipoUsuarios, List<AutorizacoesUsuario> autorizacoesUsuarios, List<DadosUsuario> dadosUsuarios, ConfigHorarioLivre config) {
        this.login = login;
        this.senha = senha;
        this.primeiroNome = primeiroNome;
        this.ultimoNome = ultimoNome;
        this.tipoUsuarios = tipoUsuarios;
        this.autorizacoes = autorizacoesUsuarios;
        this.dadosUsuarios = dadosUsuarios;
        this.config = config;
    }

    public Usuario(String login, String senha, String primeiroNome, String ultimoNome, String tipoUsuario, String[] campos) {
        this.login = login;
        this.senha = senha;
        this.primeiroNome = primeiroNome;
        this.ultimoNome = ultimoNome;
        this.tipoUsuarios.add(new TipoUsuario(this, new Tipo(tipoUsuario)));
        for(int i=0; i<campos.length; i++)
            this.dadosUsuarios.add(new DadosUsuario(this, null, campos[i]));
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name = "login", nullable = false, length = 16)
    public String getLogin() {
        return this.login;
    }

    public void setLogin(String login) {
        this.login = login;
    }

    @Column(name = "senha", nullable = false)
    public String getSenha() {
        return this.senha;
    }

    public void setSenha(String senha) {
        this.senha = senha;
    }

    @Column(name = "primeiro_nome", length = 32)
    public String getPrimeiroNome() {
        return this.primeiroNome;
    }

    public void setPrimeiroNome(String primeiroNome) {
        this.primeiroNome = primeiroNome;
    }

    @Column(name = "ultimo_nome", length = 32)
    public String getUltimoNome() {
        return this.ultimoNome;
    }

    public void setUltimoNome(String ultimoNome) {
        this.ultimoNome = ultimoNome;
    }

    @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "tipo_usuario", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_usuario") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_tipo") })
    @LazyCollection(LazyCollectionOption.TRUE)
    public List<TipoUsuario> getTipoUsuarios() {
        return this.tipoUsuarios;
    }

    public void setTipoUsuarios(List<TipoUsuario> tipoUsuarios) {
        this.tipoUsuarios = tipoUsuarios;
    }

    @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "autorizacoes_usuario", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_usuario") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_autorizacoes") })
    @LazyCollection(LazyCollectionOption.TRUE)
    public List<AutorizacoesUsuario> getAutorizacoes() {
        return this.autorizacoes;
    }

    public void setAutorizacoes(List<AutorizacoesUsuario> autorizacoes) {
        this.autorizacoes = autorizacoes;
    }

    @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "dados_usuario", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_usuario") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "fk_dados") })
    @LazyCollection(LazyCollectionOption.TRUE)
    public List<DadosUsuario> getDadosUsuarios() {
        return this.dadosUsuarios;
    }

    public void setDadosUsuarios(List<DadosUsuario> dadosUsuarios) {
        this.dadosUsuarios = dadosUsuarios;
    }

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="fk_config")
    public ConfigHorarioLivre getConfig() {
        return config;
    }

    public void setConfig(ConfigHorarioLivre config) {
        this.config = config;
    }
}

AutorizacoesUsuario.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "autorizacoes_usuario", uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "id"))
public class AutorizacoesUsuario implements java.io.Serializable {

    private int id;
    private Usuario usuario;
    private Autorizacoes autorizacoes;

    public AutorizacoesUsuario() {
    }

    public AutorizacoesUsuario(Usuario usuario, Autorizacoes autorizacoes) {
        this.usuario = usuario;
        this.autorizacoes = autorizacoes;
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "fk_usuario", nullable = false, insertable = false, updatable = false)
    public Usuario getUsuario() {
        return this.usuario;
    }

    public void setUsuario(Usuario usuario) {
        this.usuario = usuario;
    }

    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "fk_autorizacoes", nullable = false, insertable = false, updatable = false)
    public Autorizacoes getAutorizacoes() {
        return this.autorizacoes;
    }

    public void setAutorizacoes(Autorizacoes autorizacoes) {
        this.autorizacoes = autorizacoes;
    }

}

Autorizacoes.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "autorizacoes")
public class Autorizacoes implements java.io.Serializable {

    private int id;
    private String nome;
    private String descricao;

    public Autorizacoes() {
    }

    public Autorizacoes(String nome) {
        this.nome = nome;
    }

    public Autorizacoes(String nome, String descricao) {
        this.nome = nome;
        this.descricao = descricao;
    }

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    public int getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column(name = "nome", nullable = false, length = 16)
    public String getNome() {
        return this.nome;
    }

    public void setNome(String nome) {
        this.nome = nome;
    }

    @Column(name = "descricao", length = 140)
    public String getDescricao() {
        return this.descricao;
    }

    public void setDescricao(String descricao) {
        this.descricao = descricao;
    }
}

github上提供的完整项目

- > https://github.com/klebermo/webapp_horario_livre

Answer 1

您需要在ManyToMany注释中添加fetchType = FetchType.EAGER以自动拉回子实体,更好的选择是通过将以下内容添加到spring配置文件来实现spring transactionManager:

@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)

然后,您可以在验证方法中添加@Transactional注释,如下所示:

<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven />

然后,这将在authenticate方法的持续时间内启动db事务,从而允许在尝试使用它时从db检索任何延迟集合.

Answer 2

将以下属性添加到persistence.xml可能会暂时解决您的问题

<property name="hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans" value="true" />

正如@ vlad-mihalcea所说它是反模式并且不能完全解决延迟初始化问题,在关闭事务之前初始化你的关联并改为使用DTO.

Answer 3

处理的最佳方法LazyInitializationException是对JOIN FETCH需要获取的所有实体使用该指令.

无论如何,不​​要使用以下一些答案所建议的反模式:

• 在视图中打开会话
• hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans

有时,DTO投影是比获取实体更好的选择,这样,你就不会得到任何实体LazyInitializationException.

Answer 4

您的自定义 AuthenticationProvider 类应使用以下注释：

@交易

这将确保那里也存在休眠会话。

Answer 5

原因是当您使用延迟加载时,会话将关闭.

有两种解决方案.

1. 不要使用延迟加载.

   设置lazy=false在XML或设置@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)在注解.

2. 使用延迟加载.

   设置lazy=true在XML或设置@OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)在注解.

   并添加OpenSessionInViewFilter filter你的web.xml

细节见我的帖子.

/sf/answers/1910033121/

Answer 6

我在进行单元测试时也遇到了这个问题.解决此问题的一个非常简单的方法是使用@Transactional注释,它会使会话保持打开状态直到执行结束.

Answer 7

常见的做法是将@Transactional服务级别置于服务级别之上。

@Service
@Transactional
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService{
...
}

Answer 8

您可以使用休眠延迟初始化程序。

以下是您可以参考的代码。
这PPIDO是我要检索的数据对象

Hibernate.initialize(ppiDO);
if (ppiDO instanceof HibernateProxy) {
    ppiDO = (PolicyProductInsuredDO) ((HibernateProxy) ppiDO).getHibernateLazyInitializer()
        .getImplementation();
    ppiDO.setParentGuidObj(policyDO.getBasePlan());
    saveppiDO.add(ppiDO);
    proxyFl = true;
}

Answer 9

对于那些遇到枚举集合问题的人，这里是如何解决它：

@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
@Column(name = "OPTION")
@CollectionTable(name = "MY_ENTITY_MY_OPTION")
@ElementCollection(targetClass = MyOptionEnum.class, fetch = EAGER)
Collection<MyOptionEnum> options;

Answer 10

在某些情况下，您不需要将 @Transactional 注释添加到服务方法中，例如集成测试，您只需将 @Transactional 添加到测试方法中即可。当测试只从数据库中选择的方法时，您可能会得到 org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException ，该方法不需要是事务性的。例如，当您尝试加载具有如下所示的惰性获取关系的实体类时，可能会导致以下情况：

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent", fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
private List<Item> items;

因此，您仅将 @Transactional 注释添加到测试方法中。

@Test
@Transactional
public void verifySomethingTestSomething()  {