如何在不使用 C 中的 system() 的情况下清除 win32 cmd 控制台窗口？

Question

四处寻找执行清除 cmd.exe 控制台窗口的（据称）简单任务的最佳方法，并发现只需使用system('cls'); 是错误的（在“对于每个复杂的问题都有一个清晰、简单和错误的答案”这一行）并且发现简单地将 win32 代码复制并粘贴到函数中会导致编译错误，然后我发现了以下函数，但不知道我必须做什么才能使用它可以使用的变量来调用它，而不会发出错误消息：

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* Standard error macro for reporting API errors */ 
#define PERR(bSuccess, api){ if(!(bSuccess)) printf("%s:Error %d from %s \
  on line %d\n", __FILE__, GetLastError(), api, __LINE__); }

HWND GetConsoleHwnd(void) {
  #define MY_BUFSIZE 1024  // Buffer size for console window titles.
  HWND hwndFound;  // This is what is returned to the caller.
  char pszNewWindowTitle[MY_BUFSIZE]; // Contains fabricated WindowTitle.
  char pszOldWindowTitle[MY_BUFSIZE]; // Contains original WindowTitle.

  // Fetch current window title.
  GetConsoleTitle(pszOldWindowTitle, MY_BUFSIZE);
  // Format a "unique" NewWindowTitle.
  wsprintf(pszNewWindowTitle,"%d/%d", GetTickCount(), GetCurrentProcessId());
  // Change current window title.
  SetConsoleTitle(pszNewWindowTitle);
  // Ensure window title has been updated.
  Sleep(40);

  // Look for NewWindowTitle.
  hwndFound=FindWindow(NULL, pszNewWindowTitle);
  // Restore original window title.
  SetConsoleTitle(pszOldWindowTitle);

  return(hwndFound);
}

void cls( HANDLE hConsole ) {
  COORD coordScreen = { 0, 0 };  /* here's where we'll home the cursor */ 
  BOOL bSuccess;
  DWORD cCharsWritten;
  CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;  /* to get buffer info */ 
  DWORD dwConSize;  /* number of character cells in the current buffer */ 

  /* get the number of character cells in the current buffer */ 
  bSuccess = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( hConsole, &csbi );
  PERR( bSuccess, "GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo" );
  dwConSize = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y;

  /* fill the entire screen with blanks */ 
  bSuccess = FillConsoleOutputCharacter( hConsole, (TCHAR) ' ',
    dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten );
  PERR( bSuccess, "FillConsoleOutputCharacter" );

  /* get the current text attribute */ 
  bSuccess = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( hConsole, &csbi );
  PERR( bSuccess, "ConsoleScreenBufferInfo" );

  /* now set the buffer's attributes accordingly */ 
  bSuccess = FillConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsole, csbi.wAttributes,
    dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten );
  PERR( bSuccess, "FillConsoleOutputAttribute" );

  /* put the cursor at (0, 0) */ 
  bSuccess = SetConsoleCursorPosition( hConsole, coordScreen );
  PERR( bSuccess, "SetConsoleCursorPosition" );

  return;
}

int main (void) {
  // why does this fail?
  HWND cons = GetConsoleHwnd();
  cls(cons);

  return 0;
}

我的问题是：如何设置控制台句柄以传递给“cls”函数？

编辑：请注意，我不想按照此问题的大多数答案中的建议通过调用来简单地调用cls或clear调用命令。system

Answer 1

如果标准输出未重定向，则使用GetStdHandle获取控制台句柄。(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)如果可以重定向，但您仍想清除真实控制台，请CONOUT$使用函数打开伪文件CreateFile。