C++ [错误]没有匹配的函数用于调用

Question

由于一些错误,我无法编译我的代码.

其中一些:

在函数'int main(int,char**)'中:

[Error] no matching function for call to 'deckOfCards::shuffle(deckOfCards&)'

[Note] candidate is:

In file included from main.cpp

[Note] void deckOfCards::shuffle(std::vector<Card>&)

[Note] no known conversion for argument 1 from 'deckOfCards' to 'std::vector<Card>&'

[Error] 'dealCard' was not declared in this scope

---

#include <iostream>

    using namespace std;


    class Card
    {
        private:
            int m_suit;
            int m_face;
        public:
            Card(int face, int suit);
            static string suits[];
            static string faces[];
            string toString(string s_face, string s_suit);
            int getFace();
            void setFace(int face);
            int getSuit();
            void setSuit(int suit);
    };

    Card::Card(int face, int suit)
    {
        m_face = face;
        m_suit = suit;
    } 

    string Card::suits[] = {"Hearts", "Diamonds", "Clubs", "Spades"};
    string Card::faces[] = {"Ace", "Deuce", "Three", "Four", "Five", 
    "Six", "Seven", "Eight", "Nine", "Ten", "Jack", "Queen", "King"};

    int Card::getFace(){return m_face;}
    void Card::setFace(int face){m_face = face;}
    int Card::getSuit(){return m_suit;}
    void Card::setSuit(int suit){m_suit = suit;}

    string Card::toString(string s_face, string s_suit)
    {
        string card = s_face + " of " + s_suit;
        return card;
    }





    #include <iostream>     // cout
#include <algorithm>    // random_shuffle
#include <vector>       // vector
#include <ctime>        // time
#include <cstdlib> 
#include "Card.h"

using namespace std;

class deckOfCards
{
    private:
        vector<Card> deck;

    public:
        deckOfCards();
        static int count;
        static int next;
        void shuffle(vector<Card>& deck);
        Card dealCard();
        bool moreCards();
};

int deckOfCards::count = 0;
int deckOfCards::next = 0;

deckOfCards::deckOfCards()
{
    const int FACES = 12;
    const int SUITS = 4;
    int currentCard = 0;
    for (int face = 0; face < FACES; face++)
        {
            for (int suit = 0; suit < SUITS; suit++)
                {
                    Card card = Card(face,suit); //card created and initialized
                    deck.push_back(card);
                    currentCard++;
                }
        }

}

void deckOfCards::shuffle(vector<Card>& deck)
{   
    random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
    /*vector<Card>::iterator iter;
    for (iter = deck.begin(); iter!=deck.end(); iter++)
    {
        Card currentCard = *iter;
        random_shuffle(deck.begin(), deck.end());
        Card randomCard = deck[num];
        //change values.....
    }*/
}

Card deckOfCards::dealCard()
{
    Card nextCard = deck[next];
    next++;
    return nextCard;
}

bool deckOfCards::moreCards()
{
    if (count < 52)
    {
        count++;
        return true;
    }
    else
        return false;
}


    #include <iostream>
#include "deckOfCards.h"

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char** argv) 
{
    deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
    cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck); // shuffle the cards in the deck
    while (cardDeck.moreCards() == true)
        {
            cout << dealCard(cardDeck);// deal the cards in the deck
        }
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

您正尝试DeckOfCards::shuffle使用deckOfCards参数调用:

deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck); // shuffle the cards in the deck

但该方法需要vector<Card>&:

void deckOfCards::shuffle(vector<Card>& deck)

编译器错误消息非常清楚.我会在编译器与你谈话时解释它.

错误:

[Error] no matching function for call to 'deckOfCards::shuffle(deckOfCards&)'

转述:

嘿,朋友.您正在尝试调用一个名为shufflereference-to的类型参数的deckOfCards函数,但是没有这样的函数.

错误:

[Note] candidate is:

In file included from main.cpp

[Note] void deckOfCards::shuffle(std::vector&)

转述:

我的意思是,也许你的意思是这个被调用的其他函数shuffle,但是那个函数需要引用vector<something>.

错误:

[Note] no known conversion for argument 1 from 'deckOfCards' to 'std::vector&'

如果我知道如何从a转换为a deckOfCards,我会很高兴地打电话给我 vector; 但我没有.所以我不会.

Answer 2

添加约翰的回答：

你想传递给shuffle函数的是deckOfCards你在 main 中声明的类中的一副牌；但是，一副牌或vector<Card> deck您在课堂上声明的牌是私有的，因此无法从课堂外访问。这意味着您需要一个 getter 函数，如下所示：

class deckOfCards
{
    private:
        vector<Card> deck;

    public:
        deckOfCards();
        static int count;
        static int next;
        void shuffle(vector<Card>& deck);
        Card dealCard();
        bool moreCards();
        vector<Card>& getDeck() {   //GETTER
            return deck;
        }
};

这将反过来允许您像这样从 main 调用您的 shuffle 函数：

deckOfCards cardDeck; // create DeckOfCards object
cardDeck.shuffle(cardDeck.getDeck()); // shuffle the cards in the deck

但是，您有更多问题，特别是在调用cout. 首先，您dealCard错误地调用了该函数；作为dealCard类的成员函数，您应该像这样调用它cardDeck.dealCard();而不是 this dealCard(cardDeck);。

现在，我们来解决您的第二个问题 - 打印到标准输出。您正在尝试Card使用以下指令打印您的交易卡，这是一个类型的对象：

cout << cardDeck.dealCard();// deal the cards in the deck

然而，cout它不知道如何打印它，因为它不是标准类型。这意味着您应该重载您的<<运算符以在使用Card类型调用时打印您希望它打印的任何内容。