使用cx_Freeze和pyinstaller的ImportError

Question

之前我正在使用pyinstaller尝试使用twisted作为可执行文件获取我的应用程序,但执行时出现此错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cx_Freeze/initscripts/Console.py", line 27, in <module>
    exec code in m.__dict__
  File "client_test.py", line 2, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Twisted-13.0.0-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/twisted/__init__.py", line 53, in <module>
    _checkRequirements()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Twisted-13.0.0-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/twisted/__init__.py", line 37, in _checkRequirements
    raise ImportError(required + ": no module named zope.interface.")
ImportError: Twisted requires zope.interface 3.6.0 or later: no module named zope.interface.

那么,我尝试使用cx_freeze,但我得到确切同样的错误,即使在使用'namespace_packages': ['zope']像这样的例子.

从我构建可执行文件的地方,我可以打开一个python解释器并成功导入zope.interface,然后我安装它easy_install,然后运行pip install -U zope.interface,这没有任何影响.

这是我setup.py的cx_freeze:

import sys
from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable

# Dependencies are automatically detected, but it might need fine tuning.
build_exe_options = {"excludes": ["tkinter"],
             'namespace_packages':['zope'],
            'append_script_to_exe':True
}

setup(  name = "exetest",
        version = "0.1",
        description = "My first executable",
        options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},
        executables = [Executable("client_test.py")])

编辑1:忘了提到我也尝试在下面放一个空白__init__.py文件zope.interface,这也没有帮助.

编辑2:当使用cx_freeze时,在build文件夹的library.zip中,zope.interface在那里,我不认为任何模块丢失,但我仍然得到ImportError

这是来自cx_freeze的输出:

Missing modules:
? _md5 imported from hashlib
? _sha imported from hashlib
? _sha256 imported from hashlib
? _sha512 imported from hashlib
? builtins imported from zope.schema._compat
? ctypes.macholib.dyld imported from ctypes.util
? dl imported from OpenSSL
? html imported from twisted.web.server
? netbios imported from uuid
? ordereddict imported from zope.schema._compat
? queue imported from twisted.internet.threads
? twisted.python._epoll imported from twisted.internet.epollreactor
? twisted.python._initgroups imported from twisted.python.util
? urllib.parse imported from twisted.web.server
? win32wnet imported from uuid
? wsaccel.utf8validator imported from autobahn.utf8validator
? zope.i18nmessageid imported from zope.schema._messageid
? zope.testing.cleanup imported from zope.schema.vocabulary

编辑3:这是我的可执行文件的sys.path输出(缩写为..)

['../build/exe.linux-x86_64-2.7/client_test',
 '../build/exe.linux-x86_64-2.7',
 '../build/exe.linux-x86_64-2.7/client_test.zip',
 '../build/exe.linux-x86_64-2.7/library.zip']

这是我zope.interface直接导入时得到的错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cx_Freeze/initscripts/Console.py", line 27, in <module>
    exec code in m.__dict__
  File "client_test.py", line 3, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/zope.schema-4.3.2-py2.7.egg/zope/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    __import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__)
ImportError: No module named pkg_resources

pkg_resources在我的cx_freeze setup.py中添加到我的包含后,程序运行了

Answer 1

添加pkg_resources到您includes的setup.py中以获取cx_Freeze.