如何在MySQL中级联更新？

Question

我们来看看这个示例数据库:

我们可以看到,人依赖于城市(person.city_id是外键).我不删除行,我只是将它们设置为非活动状态(active = 0).设置城市无效后,如何自动设置所有依赖此城市的人员？有没有比编写触发器更好的方法？

编辑:我只对设置人的行不活动感兴趣,而不是将它们设置为活动状态.

Answer 1

这是一个使用级联外键来执行您所描述的解决方案的解决方案:

mysql> create table city (
  id int not null auto_increment, 
  name varchar(45), 
  active tinyint, 
  primary key (id),
  unique key (id, active));

mysql> create table person (
  id int not null auto_increment, 
  city_id int,
  active tinyint, 
  primary key (id), 
  foreign key (city_id, active) references city (id, active) on update cascade);

mysql> insert into city (name, active) values ('New York', 1);

mysql> insert into person (city_id, active) values (1, 1);

mysql> select * from person;
+----+---------+--------+
| id | city_id | active |
+----+---------+--------+
|  1 |       1 |      1 |
+----+---------+--------+

mysql> update city set active = 0 where id = 1;

mysql> select * from person;
+----+---------+--------+
| id | city_id | active |
+----+---------+--------+
|  1 |       1 |      0 |
+----+---------+--------+

在MySQL 5.5.31上测试过.