C++ - 成员对象中枚举的行为

Question

我在C++中使用Qt并且正在努力使用枚举.考虑如下情况:

克隆到GitHub:https://github.com/jif/enum

// memberclass.h =======================================================
#ifndef MEMBERCLASS_H
#define MEMBERCLASS_H

#include <QObject>

class MemberClass : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    enum ErrorType {
        NoError,
        IsError
    };
    explicit MemberClass(QObject *parent = 0);
    void setError(ErrorType errorType);
    MemberClass::ErrorType error() const;
    void otherMethod();
private:
    MemberClass::ErrorType mError;
};

#endif // MEMBERCLASS_H

// memberclass.cpp =======================================================
#include "memberclass.h"
#include <QDebug>

MemberClass::MemberClass(QObject *parent) :
    QObject(parent)
{
    mError = NoError;
    qDebug() << "mError initialized.";
}
MemberClass::ErrorType MemberClass::error() const {
    return mError;
}
void MemberClass::setError(ErrorType errorType) {
    mError = errorType;
}
void MemberClass::otherMethod() {
    qDebug() << "    In otherMethod()...";
    qDebug() << "      mError = " << mError;
    qDebug() << "      NoError = " << NoError;
    qDebug() << "      IsError = " << IsError;
    qDebug() << "    End otherMethod()";
}

// parentclass.h =======================================================
#ifndef PARENTCLASS_H
#define PARENTCLASS_H

#include <QObject>
#include "memberclass.h"

class ParentClass : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit ParentClass(QObject *parent = 0);
    void testEnumStuff();
private:
    MemberClass objectMember;
    MemberClass *pointerMember;
};

#endif // PARENTCLASS_H

// parentclass.cpp =======================================================
#include "parentclass.h"
#include <QDebug>

ParentClass::ParentClass(QObject *parent) :
    QObject(parent)
{
    pointerMember = new MemberClass(this);
}
void ParentClass::testEnumStuff() {
    qDebug() << "Just initialized...";
    qDebug() << "  pointerMember::mError = " << pointerMember->error();
    qDebug() << "  objectMember::mError =  " << objectMember.error();
    qDebug() << "Calling otherMethod() on each member...";
    qDebug() << "  In pointerMember...";
    pointerMember->otherMethod();
    qDebug() << "  In objectMember...";
    objectMember.otherMethod();
    qDebug() << "  pointerMember::mError = " << pointerMember->error();
    qDebug() << "  objectMember::mError =  " << objectMember.error();
    qDebug() << "Done.";
}

// main.cpp =======================================================
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include "parentclass.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    ParentClass parent;
    parent.testEnumStuff();
    return a.exec();
}


// enum.pro =======================================================
QT       += core

QT       -= gui

TARGET = enum
CONFIG   += console
CONFIG   -= app_bundle

TEMPLATE = app


SOURCES += main.cpp \
    parentclass.cpp \
    memberclass.cpp

HEADERS += \
    parentclass.h \
    memberclass.h

使用mError类型的变量ErrorType不能按预期工作(它在执行期间需要奇怪且不一致的值).

我得到这样的输出:

mError initialized.
mError initialized.    
Just initialized... 
  pointerMember::mError =  0 
  objectMember::mError =   0 
Calling otherMethod() on each member... 
  In pointerMember... 
    In otherMethod()... 
      mError =  0 
      NoError =  0 
      IsError =  1 
    End otherMethod() 
  In objectMember... 
    In otherMethod()... 
      mError =  13498688 
      NoError =  0 
      IsError =  1 
    End otherMethod() 
  pointerMember::mError =  0 
  objectMember::mError =   13498688 
Done.

Answer 1

你没有定义默认构造MemberClass和编译器提供的隐含一个用于初始化objectMember在ParentClass.隐式构造函数不会mError为您初始化,因此您获得的随机值.

要么将显式默认构造函数添加到MemberClass:

MemberClass::MemberClass() :
    QObject(NULL), mError(NoError)
{
}

或者成员初始化为ParentClass:

ParentClass::ParentClass(QObject *parent) :
    QObject(parent), objectMember(NULL)
{
    pointerMember = new MemberClass(this);
}