Max*_*sky 3 python group-by aggregate data-analysis pandas
我有一个包含三列的DataFrame:
df.groupby('Category')按照这些值进行分组.在每个时间实例,记录两个值:一个具有"True"类别,另一个具有"False"类别.
在每个类别组中,我想计算一个数字并将其存储在每次结果列中.结果是时间t-60与t介于1和3之间的值的百分比.
实现此目的的最简单方法可能是计算该时间间隔内的值的总数rolling_count,然后执行rolling_apply以仅计算该间隔中介于1和3之间的值.
到目前为止,这是我的代码:
groups = df.groupby(['Category'])
for key, grp in groups:
grp = grp.reindex(grp['Time']) # reindex by time so we can count with rolling windows
grp['total'] = pd.rolling_count(grp['Value'], window=60) # count number of values in the last 60 seconds
grp['in_interval'] = ? ## Need to count number of values where 1<v<3 in the last 60 seconds
grp['Result'] = grp['in_interval'] / grp['total'] # percentage of values between 1 and 3 in the last 60 seconds
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rolling_apply()找到正确的电话是grp['in_interval']什么?
让我们通过一个例子:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(1)
def setup(regular=True):
N = 10
x = np.arange(N)
a = np.arange(N)
b = np.arange(N)
if regular:
timestamps = np.linspace(0, 120, N)
else:
timestamps = np.random.uniform(0, 120, N)
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Category': [True]*N + [False]*N,
'Time': np.hstack((timestamps, timestamps)),
'Value': np.hstack((a,b))
})
return df
df = setup(regular=False)
df.sort(['Category', 'Time'], inplace=True)
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所以DataFrame df看起来像这样:
In [4]: df
Out[4]:
Category Time Value Result
12 False 0.013725 2 1.000000
15 False 11.080631 5 0.500000
14 False 17.610707 4 0.333333
16 False 22.351225 6 0.250000
13 False 36.279909 3 0.400000
17 False 41.467287 7 0.333333
18 False 47.612097 8 0.285714
10 False 50.042641 0 0.250000
19 False 64.658008 9 0.125000
11 False 86.438939 1 0.333333
2 True 0.013725 2 1.000000
5 True 11.080631 5 0.500000
4 True 17.610707 4 0.333333
6 True 22.351225 6 0.250000
3 True 36.279909 3 0.400000
7 True 41.467287 7 0.333333
8 True 47.612097 8 0.285714
0 True 50.042641 0 0.250000
9 True 64.658008 9 0.125000
1 True 86.438939 1 0.333333
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现在,复制@herrfz,让我们来定义
def between(a, b):
def between_percentage(series):
return float(len(series[(a <= series) & (series < b)])) / float(len(series))
return between_percentage
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between(1,3)是一个函数,它将一个Series作为输入,并返回其半开区间中元素的分数[1,3).例如,
In [9]: series = pd.Series([1,2,3,4,5])
In [10]: between(1,3)(series)
Out[10]: 0.4
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现在我们将采用我们的DataFrame df,并分组Category:
df.groupby(['Category'])
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对于groupby对象中的每个组,我们将要应用一个函数:
df['Result'] = df.groupby(['Category']).apply(toeach_category)
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该函数toeach_category将以(子)DataFrame作为输入,并返回DataFrame作为输出.整个结果将分配给一个新的df被调用列Result.
现在究竟必须toeach_category做什么?如果我们这样写toeach_category:
def toeach_category(subf):
print(subf)
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然后我们看到每个subf都是一个像这样的DataFrame(当时Category为False):
Category Time Value Result
12 False 0.013725 2 1.000000
15 False 11.080631 5 0.500000
14 False 17.610707 4 0.333333
16 False 22.351225 6 0.250000
13 False 36.279909 3 0.400000
17 False 41.467287 7 0.333333
18 False 47.612097 8 0.285714
10 False 50.042641 0 0.250000
19 False 64.658008 9 0.125000
11 False 86.438939 1 0.333333
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我们想要使用Times列,并且每次都应用一个函数.这完成了applymap:
def toeach_category(subf):
result = subf[['Time']].applymap(percentage)
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该函数percentage将时间值作为输入,并返回一个值作为输出.值将是值在1和3之间的行的分数applymap非常严格:percentage不能采用任何其他参数.
给定时间t,我们可以使用以下方法从半开时间间隔中选择Values :subf(t-60, t]ix
subf.ix[(t-60 < subf['Time']) & (subf['Time'] <= t), 'Value']
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所以我们可以Values通过申请找到1到3之间的百分比between(1,3):
between(1,3)(subf.ix[(t-60 < subf['Time']) & (subf['Time'] <= t), 'Value'])
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现在请记住,我们需要一个作为输入的函数percentage,t并将上面的表达式作为输出返回:
def percentage(t):
return between(1,3)(subf.ix[(t-60 < subf['Time']) & (subf['Time'] <= t), 'Value'])
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但是请注意,percentage取决于subf,我们是不允许传递subf到percentage作为参数(同样,因为applymap是很严格).
那么我们如何摆脱这种干扰呢?解决方案是定义percentage内部toeach_category.Python的范围规则说,subf首先在Local范围内查找一个简单的名称,然后是Enclosing范围,Global范围,最后是在Builtin范围内.当percentage(t)调用和Python遇到时subf,Python首先在Local范围内查找值的值subf.由于subf不是本地变量percentage,Python在函数的Enclosing范围内查找它toeach_category.它找到了subf.完善.这正是我们所需要的.
所以现在我们有了我们的功能toeach_category:
def toeach_category(subf):
def percentage(t):
return between(1, 3)(
subf.ix[(t - 60 < subf['Time']) & (subf['Time'] <= t), 'Value'])
result = subf[['Time']].applymap(percentage)
return result
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把它们放在一起,
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(1)
def setup(regular=True):
N = 10
x = np.arange(N)
a = np.arange(N)
b = np.arange(N)
if regular:
timestamps = np.linspace(0, 120, N)
else:
timestamps = np.random.uniform(0, 120, N)
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Category': [True] * N + [False] * N,
'Time': np.hstack((timestamps, timestamps)),
'Value': np.hstack((a, b))
})
return df
def between(a, b):
def between_percentage(series):
return float(len(series[(a <= series) & (series < b)])) / float(len(series))
return between_percentage
def toeach_category(subf):
def percentage(t):
return between(1, 3)(
subf.ix[(t - 60 < subf['Time']) & (subf['Time'] <= t), 'Value'])
result = subf[['Time']].applymap(percentage)
return result
df = setup(regular=False)
df.sort(['Category', 'Time'], inplace=True)
df['Result'] = df.groupby(['Category']).apply(toeach_category)
print(df)
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产量
Category Time Value Result
12 False 0.013725 2 1.000000
15 False 11.080631 5 0.500000
14 False 17.610707 4 0.333333
16 False 22.351225 6 0.250000
13 False 36.279909 3 0.200000
17 False 41.467287 7 0.166667
18 False 47.612097 8 0.142857
10 False 50.042641 0 0.125000
19 False 64.658008 9 0.000000
11 False 86.438939 1 0.166667
2 True 0.013725 2 1.000000
5 True 11.080631 5 0.500000
4 True 17.610707 4 0.333333
6 True 22.351225 6 0.250000
3 True 36.279909 3 0.200000
7 True 41.467287 7 0.166667
8 True 47.612097 8 0.142857
0 True 50.042641 0 0.125000
9 True 64.658008 9 0.000000
1 True 86.438939 1 0.166667
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