Ita*_*dev 16 syntax-highlighting qml qt5 qtquick2
我正在进行QtQuick 2.0演示,我想嵌入一些代码示例.是否可以轻松创建突出显示qml元素的语法.
您能否举例说明如何实现它的示例技术和想法.
谢谢
在QML中没有明显的方法来实现语法高亮.
可以实现一个自己的声明项,执行实际的突出显示, QSyntaxHighlighter但是必须为所讨论的源代码的语言定义自己的突出显示规则.我不会为演示文稿做那么多的编码.
相反,我会在WebView项目中显示代码,突出显示已经应用为静态HTML标记,或者在JavaScript高亮库的帮助下,用于expample highlight.js.
如果该WebView项目确实无法使用,即使是Text具有基本HTML支持的简单项目也足以处理突出显示用例的源代码(如果使用静态HTML).
Qt Quick的TextEdit项目公开了一个textDocument类型的属性QQuickTextDocument.这是明确公开的,因此您可以QSyntaxHighlighter直接使用该文档.
我有两个答案:
对于纯 QML 答案,我们可以使用TextAreaone can usetextFormat: TextEdit.RichText进行格式化。我们可以使用TextArea::getText()获取纯文本并设置TextArea::text为富文本。这是一个模拟示例:
这是片段:
TextArea {
id: output
property bool processing: false
text: "<p>x = 123;</p><p>y = 456;</p><p>z = x + y;</p>"
textFormat: TextEdit.RichText
selectByMouse: true
onTextChanged: {
if (!processing) {
processing = true;
let p = cursorPosition;
let markUp = getText(0, length).replace(
/([A-Z][A-Za-z]*|[a-z][A-Za-z]*|[0-9]+|[ \t\n]|['][^']*[']|[^A-Za-z0-9\t\n ])/g,
function (f) {
console.log("f: ", JSON.stringify(f));
if (f.match(/^[A-Z][A-Za-z]*$/))
return "<span style='color:#800080'>" + f + "</span>";
if (f.match(/^[a-z][A-Za-z]*$/))
return "<span style='color:#800000'>" + f + "</span>";
else if (f.match(/^[0-9]+$/))
return "<span style='color:#0000ff'>" + f + "</span>";
else if (f.match(/^[ ]/))
return " "
else if (f.match(/^[\t\n]/))
return f;
else if (f.match(/^[']/))
return "<span style='color:#008000'>" + f + "</span>";
else
return f;
}
);
text = markUp;
cursorPosition = p;
processing = false;
}
}
}
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要使用 Qt 的 QSyntaxHighlighter,您需要以下内容:
QSyntaxHighlighter::highlightBlock( const QString& text )在派生类中实现,setFormat()根据需要经常调用以标记找到的文本。为了让事情变得更简单,我创建了一个示例应用程序https://github.com/stephenquan/QtSyntaxHighlighterApp,它包含QSyntaxHighlighter和QTextFormat作为SyntaxHighlighter和TextFormatQML 类型。这样,就可以处理 onHighlightBlock 信号并将语法高亮器的业务逻辑放在 Javascript 而不是 C++ 中:
TextEdit {
id: textEdit
selectByMouse: true
text: [
"import QtQuick 2.12",
"",
"Item {",
" Rectangle {",
" width: 50",
" height: 50",
" color: '#800000'",
" }",
"}",
].join("\n") + "\n"
font.pointSize: 12
}
SyntaxHighlighter {
id: syntaxHighlighter
textDocument: textEdit.textDocument
onHighlightBlock: {
let rx = /\/\/.*|[A-Za-z.]+(\s*:)?|\d+(.\d*)?|'[^']*?'|"[^"]*?"/g;
let m;
while ( ( m = rx.exec(text) ) !== null ) {
if (m[0].match(/^\/\/.*/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, commentFormat);
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^[a-z][A-Za-z.]*\s*:/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].match(/^[a-z][A-Za-z.]*/)[0].length, propertyFormat);
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^[a-z]/)) {
let keywords = [ 'import', 'function', 'bool', 'var',
'int', 'string', 'let', 'const', 'property',
'if', 'continue', 'for', 'break', 'while',
];
if (keywords.includes(m[0])) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, keywordFormat);
continue;
}
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^[A-Z]/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, componentFormat);
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^\d/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, numberFormat);
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^'/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, stringFormat);
continue;
}
if (m[0].match(/^"/)) {
setFormat(m.index, m[0].length, stringFormat);
continue;
}
}
}
}
TextCharFormat { id: keywordFormat; foreground: "#808000" }
TextCharFormat { id: componentFormat; foreground: "#aa00aa"; font.pointSize: 12; font.bold: true; font.italic: true }
TextCharFormat { id: numberFormat; foreground: "#0055af" }
TextCharFormat { id: propertyFormat; foreground: "#800000" }
TextCharFormat { id: stringFormat; foreground: "green" }
TextCharFormat { id: commentFormat; foreground: "green" }
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在您的应用文件中:
QApplication app(argc, argv);
QQmlApplicationEngine engine;
engine.load(QUrl(QStringLiteral("qrc:/main.qml")));
QQuickTextDocument* doc = childObject<QQuickTextDocument*>(engine, "textEditor", "textDocument");
Q_ASSERT(doc != 0);
// QSyntaxHighlighter derrived class
MySyntaxHighlighter* parser = new MySyntaxHighlighter(doc->textDocument());
// use parser, see QSyntaxHighlighter doc...
int ret = app.exec();
delete parser;
return ret;
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获取子对象的模板函数(返回第一次出现的objectName,因此请使用唯一的名称来标识qml文件中的对象):
template <class T> T childObject(QQmlApplicationEngine& engine,
const QString& objectName,
const QString& propertyName)
{
QList<QObject*> rootObjects = engine.rootObjects();
foreach (QObject* object, rootObjects)
{
QObject* child = object->findChild<QObject*>(objectName);
if (child != 0)
{
std::string s = propertyName.toStdString();
QObject* object = child->property(s.c_str()).value<QObject*>();
Q_ASSERT(object != 0);
T prop = dynamic_cast<T>(object);
Q_ASSERT(prop != 0);
return prop;
}
}
return (T) 0;
}
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在您的qml文件中,使用TextEdit(在Flickable或您想要的任何东西内部),并正确设置objectName属性:
....
TextEdit {
id: edit
objectName: "textEditor"
width: flick.width
height: flick.height
focus: true
font.family: "Courier New"
font.pointSize: 12
wrapMode: TextEdit.NoWrap
onCursorRectangleChanged: flick.ensureVisible(cursorRectangle)
}
....
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